List of geographic centers of the United States
This is a list of geographic centers of each U.S. state and inhabited territory. The geographic center of the United States is northeast of Belle Fourche in Butte County, South Dakota (44°58′N 103°46′W / 44.967°N 103.767°W / 44.967; -103.767),[1] while that of the contiguous 48 states is near Lebanon in Smith County, Kansas (39°50′N 98°35′W / 39.833°N 98.583°W / 39.833; -98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States)).[1] The geographic center of North America lies near Rugby, North Dakota (48°10′N 100°10′W / 48.167°N 100.167°W / 48.167; -100.167), though this designation has no official status.[1] In 2017, a new calculation of the geographic center of North America placed it near the town of Center, North Dakota.[2]
Historic list of geographic centers
The list given below has been only slightly modified since it was first produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the early 1920s.[3] At that time, the center for a state was found by suspending a cardboard cutout of the state by a string, and then drawing a vertical line from the suspension point. After rotating the cutout 90 degrees and drawing another vertical line from the new suspension point, the intersection of the two vertical lines was used as the geographic center.[4] The result is dependent upon the type of projection used.
State or federal district | County | Location | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
Alabama | Chilton County | Clanton | 32°50′5″N 86°38′0″W / 32.83472°N 86.63333°W / 32.83472; -86.63333 (Center of Alabama) |
Alaska | Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area | Tanana | 64°43′54″N 152°28′12″W / 64.73167°N 152.47000°W / 64.73167; -152.47000 (Center of Alaska) |
Arizona | Yavapai County | Camp Verde | 34°34′00″N 111°51′22″W / 34.56667°N 111.85611°W / 34.56667; -111.85611 (State of Arizona) |
Arkansas | Saline County | Bryant | 34°38′09″N 92°28′42″W / 34.6358°N 92.4783°W / 34.6358; -92.4783 (Geographic Center of Arkansas Marker) |
California | Madera County | North Fork | 37°9′58″N 119°26′58″W / 37.16611°N 119.44944°W / 37.16611; -119.44944 (Center of California) |
Colorado | Park County | 40 mi (64 km) west of Colorado Springs, southwest of Castle Rock | 39°00′00″N 105°32′42.6″W / 39.00000°N 105.545167°W / 39.00000; -105.545167 (State of Colorado) |
Connecticut | Hartford County | Berlin | |
Delaware | Kent County | 11 mi (18 km) southwest of Dover | 38°58′48″N 75°30′42″W / 38.98000°N 75.51167°W / 38.98000; -75.51167 (approximate center of Delaware) |
District of Columbia | District of Columbia[note 1] | Near 4th and L Streets, Northwest | 38°54′15″N 77°00′58″W / 38.90417°N 77.01611°W / 38.90417; -77.01611 (approximate center of District of Columbia) |
Florida | Hernando County | 12 mi (19 km) north-northwest of Brooksville | 28°40′53″N 82°27′36″W / 28.68139°N 82.46000°W / 28.68139; -82.46000 (approximate center of Florida) |
Georgia | Twiggs County | 18 mi (29 km) southeast of Macon | 32°39′43.6″N 83°26′17.9″W / 32.662111°N 83.438306°W / 32.662111; -83.438306 (approximate center of Georgia)[5] |
Hawaii | Maui County | off-shore southwest of Molokai and west of Lanai | |
Idaho | Custer County | on the Yankee Fork River, southwest of Challis | 44°16′11″N 114°44′04″W / 44.26972°N 114.73444°W / 44.26972; -114.73444 (State of Idaho) |
Illinois | Sangamon County | 1.5 mi (2.4 km) southeast of Rochester | 39°44′21.5″N 89°30′13.1″W / 39.739306°N 89.503639°W / 39.739306; -89.503639 (approximate center of Illinois) |
Indiana | Hendricks County | 2 mi (3.2 km) west of Avon | 39°45′57.7″N 86°26′28.6″W / 39.766028°N 86.441278°W / 39.766028; -86.441278 (approximate center of Indiana) |
Iowa | Story County | 5 mi (8.0 km) northeast of Ames | |
Kansas | Barton County | 15 mi (24 km) northeast of Great Bend | |
Kentucky | Marion County | 3 mi (4.8 km) north-northwest of Lebanon | |
Louisiana | Avoyelles Parish | 3 mi (4.8 km) southeast of Marksville | |
Maine | Piscataquis County | 18 mi (29 km) north of Dover-Foxcroft | 45°15′11.9982″N 69°13′59.9988″W / 45.253332833°N 69.233333000°W / 45.253332833; -69.233333000 (Center of Maine) |
Maryland | Prince George's County | 4.5 mi (7.2 km) northwest of Davidsonville | |
Massachusetts | Worcester County | 12 mi (19 km) northwest of Worcester, in Rutland | 42°22′37.62″N 71°55′30.93″W / 42.3771167°N 71.9252583°W / 42.3771167; -71.9252583 (Center of Massachusetts) |
Michigan | Wexford County | 5 mi (8.0 km) north-northwest of Cadillac | |
Minnesota | Crow Wing County | 10 mi (16 km) southwest of Brainerd | |
Mississippi | Leake County | 9 mi (14 km) west-northwest of Carthage | |
Missouri | Miller County | 20 mi (32 km) southwest of Jefferson City | 38°29′7″N 91°22′51″W / 38.48528°N 91.38083°W / 38.48528; -91.38083 (Center of Missouri) |
Montana | Fergus County | 11 mi (18 km) west of Lewistown | 47°03′52″N 109°40′01″W / 47.06444°N 109.66694°W / 47.06444; -109.66694 (State of Montana) |
Nebraska | Custer County | 10 mi (16 km) northwest of Broken Bow | 41°31′30″N 99°51′42″W / 41.52500°N 99.86167°W / 41.52500; -99.86167 (approximate center of Nebraska) |
Nevada | Lander County | 26 mi (42 km) southeast of Austin | |
New Hampshire | Belknap County | 3 mi (4.8 km) east of Ashland | 43°41′6″N 71°34′38″W / 43.68500°N 71.57722°W / 43.68500; -71.57722 (Approximate center of New Hampshire) |
New Jersey | Burlington County | 5 mi (8.0 km) southeast of Trenton | 40°4′12″N 74°33′30″W / 40.07000°N 74.55833°W / 40.07000; -74.55833 (Center of New Jersey) |
New Mexico | Torrance County | 12 mi (19 km) south-southwest of Willard | 34°26′17″N 106°06′44″W / 34.43806°N 106.11222°W / 34.43806; -106.11222 (State of New Mexico) |
New York | Madison County | 26 mi (42 km) southwest of Utica, near Syracuse | |
North Carolina | Chatham County | 10 mi (16 km) northwest of Sanford | |
North Dakota | Sheridan County | 5 mi (8.0 km) southwest of McClusky | |
Ohio | Knox County | north-northeast of Columbus, 5.6 mi (9.0 km) southwest of Centerburg | |
Oklahoma | Oklahoma County | 8 mi (13 km) north of Oklahoma City | |
Oregon | Crook County | 25 mi (40 km) south-southeast of Prineville | |
Pennsylvania | Centre County | 2.5 mi (4.0 km) southwest of Bellefonte, in State College | |
Rhode Island | Kent County | 1-mile (1.6 km) south-southwest of Crompton | 41°40′18″N 71°34′36″W / 41.67167°N 71.57667°W / 41.67167; -71.57667 (Center of Rhode Island) |
South Carolina | Richland County | 13 mi (21 km) southeast of Columbia | 33°50′13″N 80°55′30″W / 33.83694°N 80.92500°W / 33.83694; -80.92500 (Center of South Carolina) |
South Dakota | Hughes County | 8 mi (13 km) northeast of Pierre | |
Tennessee | Rutherford County | 5 mi (8.0 km) northeast of Murfreesboro | |
Texas | McCulloch County | 15 mi (24 km) northeast of Brady | 31°23′29.52″N 99°10′14.34″W / 31.3915333°N 99.1706500°W / 31.3915333; -99.1706500 (Center of Texas) |
Utah | Sanpete County | 3 mi (4.8 km) north of Manti | 39°18′29″N 111°38′20″W / 39.30806°N 111.63889°W / 39.30806; -111.63889 (State of Utah) |
Vermont | Washington County | 3 mi (4.8 km) east of Roxbury | |
Virginia | Buckingham County | 5 mi (8.0 km) southwest of Buckingham | |
Washington | Chelan County | 10 mi (16 km) west-southwest of Wenatchee | |
West Virginia | Braxton County | 4 mi (6.4 km) east of Sutton | |
Wisconsin | Wood County | 9 mi (14 km) southeast of Marshfield | 44°26′16.00″N 90°07′48.67″W / 44.4377778°N 90.1301861°W / 44.4377778; -90.1301861 (Center of Wisconsin) |
Wyoming | Fremont County | 58 mi (93 km) east-northeast of Lander[6] | 43°00′00″N 107°32′42.6″W / 43.00000°N 107.545167°W / 43.00000; -107.545167 (Center of Wyoming) |
Modern list of geographic centers
Although there have been different definitions offered for the geographic center, an intuitive one, and one used by the USGS, is "the center of gravity of the surface, or that point on which the surface of the area would balance if it were a plane of uniform thickness."[7] An updated list of geographic centers using this definition (which is equivalent to the state's centroid) is given below. It was derived by minimizing the sum of squared great circle distances from all points of land in a state (including islands, but not coastal waters, following the earlier practice of the USGS). It represents a slight improvement over the list originally published.[8]
The geographic center of the contiguous United States, determined in this way, is at 39°50.13′N 99°5.45′W / 39.83550°N 99.09083°W / 39.83550; -99.09083 (Geographic center of the Geographic center of the Contiguous United States); this is 5.4 miles (8.7 km) from Agra, Kansas, 5.7 miles (9.2 km) from Kensington, Kansas, and 26.9 great circle miles (43.3 km) west of the longstanding designated site near Lebanon, Kansas.
State or federal district | Location | Coordinates |
---|---|---|
Alabama | 12.1 mi (19.5 km) southwest of Clanton | 32°46′46″N 86°49′43″W / 32.7794°N 86.8287°W / 32.7794; -86.8287 (Geographic center of the State of Alabama) |
Alaska | 77.9 mi (125.4 km) northwest of Denali | 64°04′07″N 152°16′42″W / 64.0685°N 152.2782°W / 64.0685; -152.2782 (Geographic center of the State of Alaska) |
Arizona | 49.7 mi (80.0 km) east-southeast of Prescott | 34°16′28″N 111°39′37″W / 34.2744°N 111.6602°W / 34.2744; -111.6602 (Geographic center of the State of Arizona) |
Arkansas | 14.2 mi (22.9 km) northwest of Little Rock | 34°53′38″N 92°26′33″W / 34.8938°N 92.4426°W / 34.8938; -92.4426 (Geographic center of the State of Arkansas) |
California | 36 mi (58 km) northeast of Madera | 37°11′03″N 119°28′11″W / 37.1841°N 119.4696°W / 37.1841; -119.4696 (Geographic center of the State of California) |
Colorado | 29.2 mi (47.0 km) northwest of Pikes Peak | 38°59′50″N 105°32′52″W / 38.9972°N 105.5478°W / 38.9972; -105.5478 (Geographic center of the State of Colorado) |
Connecticut | 1.1 mi (1.8 km) east of East Berlin | 41°37′19″N 72°43′38″W / 41.6219°N 72.7273°W / 41.6219; -72.7273 (Geographic center of the State of Connecticut) |
Delaware | 11.7 mi (18.8 km) south of Dover | 38°59′23″N 75°30′18″W / 38.9896°N 75.5050°W / 38.9896; -75.5050 (Geographic center of the State of Delaware) |
District of Columbia | Near 3rd and P Streets, Northwest | 38°54′36″N 77°00′53″W / 38.9101°N 77.0147°W / 38.9101; -77.0147 (Geographic center of the District of Columbia) |
Florida | 5.8 mi (9.3 km) northwest of Brooksville | 28°37′50″N 82°26′59″W / 28.6305°N 82.4497°W / 28.6305; -82.4497 (Geographic center of the State of Florida) |
Georgia | 17.7 mi (28.5 km) southeast of Macon | 32°38′29″N 83°26′33″W / 32.6415°N 83.4426°W / 32.6415; -83.4426 (Geographic center of the State of Georgia) |
Hawaii | 27.7 mi (44.6 km) off-shore south of Wailea-Makena | 20°17′34″N 156°22′25″W / 20.2927°N 156.3737°W / 20.2927; -156.3737 (Geographic center of the State of Hawai'i) |
Idaho | 21.4 mi (34.4 km) west-southwest of Challis | 44°21′03″N 114°36′47″W / 44.3509°N 114.6130°W / 44.3509; -114.6130 (Geographic center of the State of Idaho) |
Illinois | 28.8 mi (46.3 km) northeast of Springfield | 40°02′30″N 89°11′47″W / 40.0417°N 89.1965°W / 40.0417; -89.1965 (Geographic center of the State of Illinois) |
Indiana | 10.8 mi (17.4 km) northwest of Indianapolis | 39°53′39″N 86°16′54″W / 39.8942°N 86.2816°W / 39.8942; -86.2816 (Geographic center of the State of Indiana) |
Iowa | 7 mi (11 km) northeast of Ames | 42°04′30″N 93°29′46″W / 42.0751°N 93.4960°W / 42.0751; -93.4960 (Geographic center of the State of Iowa) |
Kansas | 2.1 mi (3.4 km) southeast of Bushton Bend | 38°29′37″N 98°22′49″W / 38.4937°N 98.3804°W / 38.4937; -98.3804 (Geographic center of the State of Kansas) |
Kentucky | 3.4 mi (5.5 km) southwest of Lebanon | 37°32′05″N 85°18′08″W / 37.5347°N 85.3021°W / 37.5347; -85.3021 (Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Kentucky) |
Louisiana | 5.8 mi (9.3 km) southeast of Marksville | 31°04′08″N 91°59′48″W / 31.0689°N 91.9968°W / 31.0689; -91.9968 (Geographic center of the State of Louisiana) |
Maine | 12.6 mi (20.3 km) north of Dover-Foxcroft | 45°22′10″N 69°14′34″W / 45.3695°N 69.2428°W / 45.3695; -69.2428 (Geographic center of the State of Maine) |
Maryland | 3.3 mi (5.3 km) north of Bowie | 39°03′18″N 76°47′27″W / 39.0550°N 76.7909°W / 39.0550; -76.7909 (Geographic center of the State of Maryland) |
Massachusetts | Irving St. and Wellington St., Worcester | 42°15′35″N 71°48′30″W / 42.2596°N 71.8083°W / 42.2596; -71.8083 (Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts) |
Michigan | 6.6 mi (10.6 km) west of Cadillac | 44°20′48″N 85°24′37″W / 44.3467°N 85.4102°W / 44.3467; -85.4102 (Geographic center of the State of Michigan) |
Minnesota | 10 mi (16 km) southwest of Brainerd | 46°16′51″N 94°18′19″W / 46.2807°N 94.3053°W / 46.2807; -94.3053 (Geographic center of the State of Minnesota) |
Mississippi | 7.7 mi (12.4 km) west-northwest of Carthage | 32°44′11″N 89°40′04″W / 32.7364°N 89.6678°W / 32.7364; -89.6678 (Geographic center of the State of Mississippi) |
Missouri | 21 mi (34 km) southwest of Jefferson City | 38°21′24″N 92°27′29″W / 38.3566°N 92.4580°W / 38.3566; -92.4580 (Geographic center of the State of Missouri) |
Montana | 10.1 mi (16.3 km) west of Lewistown | 47°03′10″N 109°38′00″W / 47.0527°N 109.6333°W / 47.0527; -109.6333 (Geographic center of the State of Montana) |
Nebraska | 12.3 mi (19.8 km) northwest of Broken Bow | 41°32′16″N 99°47′42″W / 41.5378°N 99.7951°W / 41.5378; -99.7951 (Geographic center of the State of Nebraska) |
Nevada | 26 mi (42 km) southeast of Austin | 39°19′44″N 116°37′52″W / 39.3289°N 116.6312°W / 39.3289; -116.6312 (Geographic center of the State of Nevada) |
New Hampshire | 2.6 mi (4.2 km) east of Ashland | 43°40′50″N 71°34′52″W / 43.6805°N 71.5811°W / 43.6805; -71.5811 (Geographic center of the State of New Hampshire) |
New Jersey | 4.3 mi (6.9 km) southeast of Trenton | 40°11′27″N 74°40′22″W / 40.1907°N 74.6728°W / 40.1907; -74.6728 (Geographic center of the State of New Jersey) |
New Mexico | 13.8 mi (22.2 km) south-southwest of Willard | 34°24′26″N 106°06′45″W / 34.4071°N 106.1126°W / 34.4071; -106.1126 (Geographic center of the State of New Mexico) |
New York | 11.5 mi (18.5 km) south-southeast of Oneida | 42°57′14″N 75°31′36″W / 42.9538°N 75.5268°W / 42.9538; -75.5268 (Geographic center of the State of New York) |
North Carolina | 12.7 mi (20.4 km) northwest of Sanford | 35°33′21″N 79°23′16″W / 35.5557°N 79.3877°W / 35.5557; -79.3877 (Geographic center of the State of North Carolina) |
North Dakota | 2.7 mi (4.3 km) southwest of McClusky | 47°27′00″N 100°27′57″W / 47.4501°N 100.4659°W / 47.4501; -100.4659 (Geographic center of the State of North Dakota) |
Ohio | 24.9 mi (40.1 km) north-northeast of Columbus | 40°17′10″N 82°47′37″W / 40.2862°N 82.7937°W / 40.2862; -82.7937 (Geographic center of the State of Ohio) |
Oklahoma | 4.4 mi (7.1 km) south of Edmond | 35°35′20″N 97°29′39″W / 35.5889°N 97.4943°W / 35.5889; -97.4943 (Geographic center of the State of Oklahoma) |
Oregon | 29.1 mi (46.8 km) southeast of Prineville | 43°56′01″N 120°33′30″W / 43.9336°N 120.5583°W / 43.9336; -120.5583 (Geographic center of the State of Oregon) |
Pennsylvania | 2.7 mi (4.3 km) southwest of Bellefonte, in State College | 40°52′41″N 77°47′59″W / 40.8781°N 77.7996°W / 40.8781; -77.7996 (Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania) |
Rhode Island | 2.4-mile (3.9 km) west of Crompton, in West Warwick | 41°40′34″N 71°33′22″W / 41.6762°N 71.5562°W / 41.6762; -71.5562 (Geographic center of the State of Rhode Island) |
South Carolina | 9.7 mi (15.6 km) southeast of Columbia | 33°55′01″N 80°53′47″W / 33.9169°N 80.8964°W / 33.9169; -80.8964 (Geographic center of the State of South Carolina) |
South Dakota | 7.9 mi (12.7 km) northeast of Pierre | 44°26′39″N 100°13′35″W / 44.4443°N 100.2263°W / 44.4443; -100.2263 (Geographic center of the State of South Dakota) |
Tennessee | 2.5 mi (4.0 km) northeast of Murfreesboro | 35°51′29″N 86°21′02″W / 35.8580°N 86.3505°W / 35.8580; -86.3505 (Geographic center of the State of Tennessee) |
Texas | 23.6 mi (38.0 km) north of Brady | 31°28′33″N 99°19′52″W / 31.4757°N 99.3312°W / 31.4757; -99.3312 (Geographic center of the State of Texas) |
Utah | 3.1 mi (5.0 km) northwest of Manti | 39°18′20″N 111°40′13″W / 39.3055°N 111.6703°W / 39.3055; -111.6703 (Geographic center of the State of Utah) |
Vermont | 3.7 mi (6.0 km) southeast of Roxbury | 44°04′07″N 72°39′57″W / 44.0687°N 72.6658°W / 44.0687; -72.6658 (Geographic center of the State of Vermont) |
Virginia | 16.6 mi (26.7 km) west of Buckingham | 37°31′17″N 78°51′13″W / 37.5215°N 78.8537°W / 37.5215; -78.8537 (Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Virginia) |
Washington | 7 mi (11 km) west-southwest of Wenatchee | 47°22′57″N 120°26′50″W / 47.3826°N 120.4472°W / 47.3826; -120.4472 (Geographic center of the State of Washington) |
West Virginia | 4.9 mi (7.9 km) east-southeast of Sutton | 38°38′27″N 80°37′22″W / 38.6409°N 80.6227°W / 38.6409; -80.6227 (Geographic center of the State of West Virginia) |
Wisconsin | 9.3 mi (15.0 km) east-southeast of Marshfield | 44°37′27″N 89°59′39″W / 44.6243°N 89.9941°W / 44.6243; -89.9941 (Geographic center of the State of Wisconsin) |
Wyoming | 60.6 mi (97.5 km) east-northeast of Lander | 42°59′45″N 107°33′04″W / 42.9957°N 107.5512°W / 42.9957; -107.5512 (Geographic center of the State of Wyoming) |
Geographic centers of the U.S. territories
Very little information exists about the geographic centers of the U.S. territories. In a geological survey of all geographic centers in the U.S., the U.S. Department of the Interior did not measure the geographic centers of the U.S. territories.[9] Similarly, the USGS does not include the territories in its list of geographic centers.[1] In terms of each territory’s land area, only one territory, Puerto Rico, has a confirmed geographic center.[10] There are also official geographic centers of territorial exclusive economic zones, though those geographic centers are based on a territory's territorial waters (not land area).
Territory | County- equivalent | Location | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
American Samoa | North of Manu’a District (EEZ) Eastern District (Tutuila center) | The geographic center of American Samoa’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is located in the Pacific Ocean, about 35.08 miles (56.45 km) northeast of the island of Ta‘ū.[11] The geographic center of Tutuila (the main island) is about 1.03 miles (1.65 km) southwest of Fagatogo.[12] | 13°51′06″S 169°03′27″W / 13.8517°S 169.0576°W / -13.8517; -169.0576 (Geographic center of the Exclusive Economic Zone of American Samoa) (EEZ center) 14°17′24″S 170°42′10″W / 14.2901°S 170.7028°W / -14.2901; -170.7028 (Geographic center of Tutuila island, American Samoa) (Tutuila center) |
Guam | Guam[note 2] | The geographic center of Guam’s exclusive economic zone is in the Pacific Ocean, about 73.65 miles (118.53 km) west-southwest of Cocos Island and 76.08 miles (122.45 km) west-southwest of the main island of Guam.[13] The exact geographic center of the main island of Guam is unknown[14] — it is probably somewhere within the village of Chalan Pago-Ordot, because that is the default center starting point of Guam on Google Maps.[15] | 12°58′37″N 143°34′53″E / 12.9770°N 143.5814°E / 12.9770; 143.5814 (Geographic center of the Exclusive Economic Zone of Guam) (Center of EEZ) 13°26′38″N 144°46′02″E / 13.4440°N 144.7671°E / 13.4440; 144.7671 (Chalan Pago-Ordot village, Guam)) (Chalan Pago-Ordot) |
Northern Mariana Islands | Northern Islands Municipality | The geographic center of the Northern Mariana Islands’ exclusive economic zone is in the Pacific Ocean, about 18.33 miles (29.50 km) northeast of the island of Pagan.[16] | 18°19′06″N 146°01′42″E / 18.3183°N 146.0284°E / 18.3183; 146.0284 (Geographic center of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Northern Mariana Islands) (EEZ center) |
Puerto Rico | Orocovis Municipality | The geographic center of Puerto Rico is in the Orocovis Municipality, about 2.58 miles (4.15 km) west of the main town of Orocovis.[10] | 18°13′20″N 66°25′49″W / 18.2223°N 66.4303°W / 18.2223; -66.4303 (Geometric center of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico) |
U.S. Virgin Islands | Between Saint Thomas and Saint Croix | The exact geographic center of the U.S. Virgin Islands is unknown — the default center starting point for the U.S. Virgin Islands on Google Maps is located in the Caribbean Sea,[15] 18.21 miles (29.30 km) south-southeast of Saint Thomas and 18.31 miles (29.47 km) north of Saint Croix — note that this point is the approximate center of the 3 main islands, not the center of the exclusive economic zone | 18°20′N 64°54′W / 18.34°N 64.90°W / 18.34; -64.90 (Geometric center of the Virgin Islands of the United States) |
U.S. Minor Outlying Islands | [note 3] | There is no information about the geographic centers of the islands in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (or the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands as a whole). |
See also
- Geographic center of the contiguous United States
- Geographic center of the United States
- List of extreme points of the United States
- List of extreme points of U.S. states and territories
- List of U.S. states and territories by elevation
- Mean center of the United States population
- Median center of United States population
Notes
- ^ The U.S. Census Bureau treats the District of Columbia as a state-equivalent and a county-equivalent for statistical purposes.
- ^ All of Guam is counted as one county-equivalent by the U.S. Census Bureau.
- ^ Each of the 9 island groups in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands is counted as a county-equivalent by the U.S. Census Bureau.
References
- ^ a b c d https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/elvadist.html ‘’Elevations and Distances in the United States.’’ USGS. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-calculations-reposition-geographical-center-north-america-1-180961932/ Smithsonian.com. New Calculations Reposition the Geographical Center of North America. Jason Daley. January 30, 2017. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ Douglas, E.M. 1923. Boundaries, Areas, Geographic Centers, and Altitudes of the United States and Several States. Bulletin 689. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
- ^ Adams, Oscar, S. 1932. Geographical Centers. The Military Engineer 24, 138: 586-587.
- ^ A marker, dated 1981, at a nearby road intersection states: "The Geologic Survey Branch of the Department of Natural Resources determined the central point to be at latitude 32° 38' 46" N., longitude 83° 25' 54" W."
- ^ "The Geography of Wyoming". Netstate.com. 25 February 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ Van Zandt, Franklin. 1966. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Bulletin 1212. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
- ^ Rogerson, P. 2015. A New Method for Finding Geographic Centers, with Application to the U.S. States. The Professional Geographer. Published online Aug 15, 2015; DOI:10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707#.Vd30QflVhBc Retrieved 2015-08-26
- ^ https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039437/report.pdf "Geographic centers of the United States." U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ a b http://disfrutaorocovis.com/en/historic-sites-2/geographic-center-of-puerto-rico Disfruta Orocovis. Geographic Center of Puerto Rico. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=8444 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails — American Samoa Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/oceania/as.htm Worldatlas.com. American Samoa. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=48957 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails. Guam Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/oceania/gu.htm Worldatlas.com. Guam. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ a b https://www.google.com/maps/place/Guam
https://www.google.com/maps/place/USVI
Google Mpas — Guam / U.S. Virgin Islands. Retrieved July 3, 2019. - ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=48980 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails — Northern Mariana Islands Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved June 2019.
Works cited
- "Geographic Center of the United States" (PDF). ngs.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- "States and Capitals". 50states.com. Digital Properties. 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
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