白细胞介素-10

白细胞介素-10
已知的結構
PDB直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
PDBID列表

1ILK、​1INR、​1J7V、​1LK3、​1Y6K、​2ILK、​2H24

識別號
别名IL10;, CSIF, GVHDS, IL-10, IL10A, TGIF, interleukin 10
外部IDOMIM:124092 MGI:96537 HomoloGene:478 GeneCards:IL10
相關疾病
貝賽特氏症、​溃疡性结肠炎[1]
基因位置(人类
1號染色體
染色体1號染色體[2]
1號染色體
白细胞介素-10的基因位置
白细胞介素-10的基因位置
基因座1q32.1起始206,767,602 bp[2]
终止206,774,541 bp[2]
基因位置(小鼠
小鼠1号染色体
染色体小鼠1号染色体[3]
小鼠1号染色体
白细胞介素-10的基因位置
白细胞介素-10的基因位置
基因座1 E4|1 56.89 cM起始130,947,582 bp[3]
终止130,952,711 bp[3]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
基因本體
分子功能 血浆蛋白结合
生長因子活性
細胞因子活性
interleukin-10 receptor binding
protein dimerization activity
細胞組分 細胞外區域
細胞外空間
生物學過程 negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
內皮細胞凋亡過程的負調控
造血作用
negative regulation of interferon-gamma production
regulation of sensory perception of pain
positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process
negative regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 production
response to inactivity
negative regulation of cytokine activity
negative regulation of interleukin-1 production
cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus
cellular response to estradiol stimulus
negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
老化
positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity
negative regulation of apoptotic process
negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
response to glucocorticoid
cytoplasmic sequestering of NF-kappaB
negative regulation of interleukin-18 production
negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
response to activity
response to organic substance
response to carbon monoxide
leukocyte chemotaxis
type 2 immune response
negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation
response to insulin
negative regulation of interleukin-8 production
response to lipopolysaccharide
B cell proliferation
negative regulation of T cell proliferation
negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis
defense response to bacterium
regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity
免疫反应
基因調節
B cell differentiation
regulation of isotype switching
腫瘤壞死因子產生的負調控
negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
inflammatory response
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
negative regulation of B cell proliferation
negative regulation of inflammatory response
negative regulation of cytokine production
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
negative regulation of interleukin-12 production
defense response to protozoan
negative regulation of sensory perception of pain
positive regulation of macrophage activation
liver regeneration
regulation of synapse organization
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
negative regulation of cell population proliferation
negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
positive regulation of cell cycle
negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
endothelial cell apoptotic process
regulation of response to wounding
negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation
interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
negative regulation of autophagy
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II
negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron death
positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物種人類小鼠
Entrez

3586

16153

Ensembl

ENSG00000136634

ENSMUSG00000016529

UniProt

P22301

P18893

mRNA​序列

NM_000572

NM_010548

蛋白序列

NP_000563

NP_034678

基因位置​(UCSC)Chr 1: 206.77 – 206.77 MbChr 1: 130.95 – 130.95 Mb
PubMed​查找[4][5]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類檢視/編輯小鼠

白细胞介素-10(亦稱為介白素-10,英文:Interleukin 10,簡稱IL-10),也称为细胞激素合成抑制因子(cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor,CSIF),是一种抗炎症细胞因子。在人类中,IL-10由「IL10」基因编码。[6]IL-10的訊號需要藉由細胞膜上的介白素-10受體(IL-10受體)傳遞到細胞內。IL-10受體在作用時構型為含四個次單元的蛋白質複合體,其中包含兩個IL-10受體1(IL-10R1)單元以及兩個IL-10受體2(IL-10R2)單元。在接收到IL-10訊號時,IL-10R1會先直接與IL-10結合,之後呼叫(recruit)IL-10R2形成完整複合體,以進行後續的訊號傳遞,IL-10R2並不直接與IL-10結合。[7]IL-10通过JAK1和Tyk2分别磷酸化IL-10受体1、IL-10受体2的胞质尾端,来诱导STAT3信号传递。

基因和蛋白质结构

IL-10蛋白是同型二聚体,每个亚基的长度均为178个氨基酸[8]

IL-10被归为2类细胞因子——包括IL-19、IL-20、IL-22、IL-24(Mda-7)、IL-26和I型干扰素(IFN-α,-β,-ε,-κ,-ω),II型(IFN-γ),III型(IFN-λ,[9]也称为IL-28A,IL-28B,和IL-29)。[10]

表达与合成

在人类中,IL-10由「IL10」基因编码,该基因位于1号染色体上,包含5个外显子[6],主要由单核细胞产生,并在较小程度上由淋巴细胞产生,即II型T辅助细胞(TH2),肥大细胞,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞,以及活化的T细胞B细胞的某些子集。在这些细胞中触发PD-1后,单核细胞可以产生IL-10[11]。IL-10上调也由GPCR介导,例如β-2肾上腺素[12]和2型大麻素[13]受体。IL-10的表达在未经刺激的组织中极少,似乎需要由共生或病原菌触发。[14]IL-10表达在转录和转录后水平受到严格调节。刺激TLR或Fc受体途径后,在单核细胞中观察到广泛的IL-10基因座重塑[15]。IL-10诱导涉及ERK1/2,p38和NF-κB信号传导,以及通过转录因子NF-κB和AP-1的启动子结合而引起的转录激活。IL-10可能通过负反馈回路自动调节其表达,该回路涉及IL-10受体的自分泌刺激和p38信号通路的抑制[16]。此外,IL-10的表达在转录后水平受到广泛调控,这可能涉及通过富含AU的元件[17]和诸如let-7[18]或miR-106的microRNA控制mRNA的稳定性[19]

功能

IL-10是一种在免疫调节和炎症中具有多效性的细胞因子。它下调了巨噬细胞上Th1细胞因子、MHC-II类抗原、共刺激分子的表达。它还增强了B细胞的生存、增殖和产生抗体的能力。IL-10可以阻断NF-kB活动,并参与JAK-STAT信号转导通路的调节。

IL-10发现与1991年[20],最初报道其抑制细胞分泌、抗原呈递和CD4+细胞活化。[21][22][23][24]进一步的研究表明,IL-10主要抑制脂多糖(LPS)和细菌产物介导的促炎性细胞因子TNFα[25]、IL-1β[25]、IL-12[26]、IFNγ[27]的分泌,这些细胞因子由Toll样受体(TLR)触发的骨髓细胞谱系分泌。

对肿瘤的影响

随着时间的流逝,IL-10功能的细微差别出现了,因为已证明对荷瘤小鼠的治疗可抑制肿瘤转移[28]。多个实验室的进一步研究已经产生了进一步支持IL-10在免疫神经学背景下的免疫刺激能力的数据。从IL-10转基因小鼠[29]中转染的肿瘤细胞系[30][31]中表达IL-10或用IL-10给药可控制原发性肿瘤生长并降低转移负担。[32][33]最近,聚乙二醇化重组鼠IL-10(PEG-rMuIL-10)已显示出诱导IFNγ和CD8+T细胞依赖性抗肿瘤免疫力[34][35]。更具体地,已显示PEG化的重组人IL-10(PEG-rHuIL-10)增强细胞毒性分子粒酶B和穿孔素的CD8+T细胞分泌,并增强T细胞受体依赖性IFNγ的分泌[36]

在疾病中的作用

对小鼠的研究表明,肥大细胞也产生IL-10,抵消了这些细胞在变态反应部位的炎症作用[37]

IL-10能够抑制由巨噬细胞和Th1T细胞等细胞产生的促炎细胞因子如IFN-γIL-2IL-3TNFαGM-CSF的合成。它也显示出抑制抗原呈递细胞的抗原呈递能力的强大能力。但是,它也对某些T细胞(Th2)和肥大细胞具有刺激性,并刺激B细胞成熟和抗体产生。

IL-10检查环氧合酶Cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2)的可诱导形式。缺乏IL-10已被证明可导致COX激活并导致血栓烷受体激活,从而引起小鼠血管内皮和心脏功能障碍。白介素10基因敲除脆弱的小鼠会随着年龄的增长而出现心脏和血管功能障碍[38]

IL-10与肌动蛋白有关,因为运动会引起IL-1ra,IL-10和sTNF-R的循环水平增加,这表明体育锻炼可促进抗炎细胞因子的形成。[39][40]

与健康个体相比,在诊断为多发性硬化症的个体中观察到较低水平的IL-10[41]。由于IL-10水平的降低,TNFα水平不能得到有效调节,因为IL-10可以调节TNF-α转化酶[42]。结果,TNFα水平升高并导致炎症。[43]TNFα本身通过TNF受体1诱导少突胶质细胞脱髓鞘,而慢性炎症与神经元脱髓鞘有关。

黑素瘤细胞系中,IL-10调节NKG2D配体的表面表达。[44]

临床使用或试验

在小鼠中进行的基因敲除研究表明,这种细胞因子在肠道中是必需的免疫调节剂。[45]的确,克罗恩氏病患者对用重组白介素10产生细菌的治疗反应良好,证明了IL-10对抵消人体过度活跃的免疫反应的重要性。[46]

根据数据,在临床试验中,数千名患有各种自身免疫性疾病的患者接受了重组人IL-10(rHuIL-10)的治疗。与预期相反,rHuIL-10治疗并未对克罗恩病患者的疾病产生重大影响。[47][48][49]或类风湿关节炎。[50]rHuIL-10治疗最初在牛皮癣中显示出有希望的临床数据。[51]但在一项随机,双盲,安慰剂对照的II期临床试验中未能达到临床意义。[52]对rHuIL-10在人类中作用的进一步研究表明,rHuIL-10除了抑制炎症外,还能够发挥促炎作用。[53][54]

聚乙二醇化形式

除这些数据外,目前正在进行一项I期免疫科学临床试验,以评估PEG化重组人IL-10(PEG-rHuIL-10,AM0010)的治疗能力。[55]与临床前免疫免疫学数据一致,研究者报告了实质性的抗肿瘤功效。相反于所报告的在体外和体内产生的IL-10的免疫抑制作用,[22][23][24][56][57]治疗癌症患者的PEG-重组人白介-10引发的剂量滴定感应的免疫刺激细胞因子IFNγ,IL-18,IL-7,GM-CSF和IL-4的表达。此外,接受治疗的患者的外周CD8+T细胞表达活化标记,例如程序性死亡配體1(PD-L1)+,淋巴细胞活化基因3(LAG3)+和Fas配体(FasL)升高,血清TGFβ降低,其折叠倍数增加。这些发现与使用PEG-rMuIL-10的已发表的临床前免疫科学报告[34][35]以及以前用rHuIL-10治疗人类的发现一致。[53][54]这些数据表明,尽管IL-10可以在细菌产物刺激的髓样细胞中发挥免疫抑制作用,但对人的rHuIL-10/PEG-rHuIL-10治疗主要是免疫刺激。截至2018年 (2018-Missing required parameter 1=month!)[update]AM0010(又名pegilodecakin)正在进行3期临床试验。[58]

互动

已经证明IL-10与白介素10受体α亚基相互作用[59][60][61][62][63]

IL-10受体复合物也需要IL10R2链来启动信号传导。这种配体-受体的组合存在于鸟类和青蛙中,也可能存在于骨鱼类中。 

参考资料


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  42. ^ Interleukin-10 regulates TNF-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM-17) involving a TIMP-3 dependent and independent mechanism. European Journal of Immunology. April 2008, 38 (4): 1106–17. PMID 18383040. doi:10.1002/eji.200737821. 
  43. ^ Current concepts in multiple sclerosis: autoimmunity versus oligodendrogliopathy. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. February 2012, 42 (1): 26–34. PMID 22189514. doi:10.1007/s12016-011-8287-6. 
  44. ^ Interleukin 10 decreases MICA expression on melanoma cell surface. Immunology and Cell Biology. March 2011, 89 (3): 447–57. PMID 20714339. doi:10.1038/icb.2010.100. 
  45. ^ Entrez Gene: IL10 interleukin 10. 
  46. ^ A phase I trial with transgenic bacteria expressing interleukin-10 in Crohn's disease. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. June 2006, 4 (6): 754–9. PMID 16716759. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2006.03.028. 
  47. ^ Recombinant human interleukin 10 in the treatment of patients with mild to moderately active Crohn's disease. The Interleukin 10 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cooperative Study Group. Gastroenterology. December 2000, 119 (6): 1473–82. PMID 11113068. doi:10.1053/gast.2000.20229. 
  48. ^ Safety and efficacy of recombinant human interleukin 10 in chronic active Crohn's disease. Crohn's Disease IL-10 Cooperative Study Group. Gastroenterology. December 2000, 119 (6): 1461–72. PMID 11113067. doi:10.1053/gast.2000.20196. 
  49. ^ Multiple doses of intravenous interleukin 10 in steroid-refractory Crohn's disease. Crohn's Disease Study Group. Gastroenterology. August 1997, 113 (2): 383–9. PMID 9247454. doi:10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247454. 
  50. ^ Interleukin 10 treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis enhances Fc gamma receptor expression on monocytes and responsiveness to immune complex stimulation. The Journal of Rheumatology. April 2003, 30 (4): 648–51. PMID 12672180. 
  51. ^ Interleukin 10 treatment of psoriasis: clinical results of a phase 2 trial. Archives of Dermatology. February 1999, 135 (2): 187–92. PMID 10052405. doi:10.1001/archderm.135.2.187. 
  52. ^ Clinical and immunologic assessment of patients with psoriasis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using recombinant human interleukin 10. Archives of Dermatology. October 2002, 138 (10): 1341–6. PMID 12374540. doi:10.1001/archderm.138.10.1341. 
  53. ^ 53.0 53.1 Proinflammatory effects of IL-10 during human endotoxemia. Journal of Immunology. September 2000, 165 (5): 2783–9. PMID 10946310. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.5.2783. 
  54. ^ 54.0 54.1 Treatment of Crohn's disease with recombinant human interleukin 10 induces the proinflammatory cytokine interferon gamma. Gut. February 2002, 50 (2): 191–5. PMC 1773093可免费查阅. PMID 11788558. doi:10.1136/gut.50.2.191. 
  55. ^ Infante, Jeffrey R.; Naing, Aung; Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P.; Autio, Karen A.; Ott, Patrick Alexander; Wong, Deborah Jean Lee; Falchook, Gerald Steven; Patel, Manish R.; Pant, Shubham. A first-in-human dose escalation study of PEGylated recombinant human IL-10 (AM0010) in advanced solid tumors.. ASCO Meeting Abstracts. 2015-05-20, 33 (15_suppl): 3017 [2020-03-03]. (原始内容 (vanc)存档于2015-12-22). 
  56. ^ Interleukin-10 (cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor) acts in the central nervous system of rats to reduce sleep. Journal of Neuroimmunology. July 1995, 60 (1–2): 165–8. PMID 7642744. doi:10.1016/0165-5728(95)00066-b. 
  57. ^ Molecular mechanisms of the induction of IL-12 and its inhibition by IL-10. Journal of Immunology. June 1998, 160 (12): 5936–44. PMID 9637507. 
  58. ^ Early Data Supports Phase 3 Trial of Pegilodecakin as Possible Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. [2020-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-02). 
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  60. ^ Crystal structure of the IL-10/IL-10R1 complex reveals a shared receptor binding site. Immunity. July 2001, 15 (1): 35–46. PMID 11485736. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(01)00169-8. 
  61. ^ Characterization of recombinant extracellular domain of human interleukin-10 receptor. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. May 1995, 270 (21): 12906–11. PMID 7759550. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.21.12906. 
  62. ^ Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction of a complex between IL-10 and soluble IL-10R1. Acta Crystallographica Section D. December 2001, 57 (Pt 12): 1908–11. PMID 11717514. doi:10.1107/S0907444901016249. 
  63. ^ Purification of receptor complexes of interleukin-10 stoichiometry and the importance of deglycosylation in their crystallization. European Journal of Biochemistry. May 1999, 262 (1): 134–41. PMID 10231374. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00363.x. 

进一步阅读

  • Bortesi L, Rossato M, Schuster F, Raven N, Stadlmann J, Avesani L, Falorni A, Bazzoni F, Bock R, Schillberg S, Pezzotti M. Viral and murine interleukin-10 are correctly processed and retain their biological activity when produced in tobacco. BMC Biotechnology. March 2009, 9 (1): 22. PMC 2667500可免费查阅. PMID 19298643. doi:10.1186/1472-6750-9-22. 
  • Moore KW, de Waal Malefyt R, Coffman RL, O'Garra A. Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor. Annual Review of Immunology. 2001, 19 (1): 683–765. PMID 11244051. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.683. 
  • Girndt M. Humoral immune responses in uremia and the role of IL-10. Blood Purification. 2003, 20 (5): 485–8. PMID 12207099. doi:10.1159/000063553. 
  • Beebe AM, Cua DJ, de Waal Malefyt R. The role of interleukin-10 in autoimmune disease: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 2003, 13 (4–5): 403–12. PMID 12220553. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(02)00025-4. 
  • Mocellin S, Panelli MC, Wang E, Nagorsen D, Marincola FM. The dual role of IL-10. Trends in Immunology. January 2003, 24 (1): 36–43. PMID 12495723. doi:10.1016/S1471-4906(02)00009-1. 
  • Roncarolo MG, Battaglia M, Gregori S. The role of interleukin 10 in the control of autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity. June 2003, 20 (4): 269–72. PMID 12791310. doi:10.1016/S0896-8411(03)00047-7. 
  • Groux H, Cottrez F. The complex role of interleukin-10 in autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity. June 2003, 20 (4): 281–5. PMID 12791313. doi:10.1016/S0896-8411(03)00044-1. 
  • Llorente L, Richaud-Patin Y. The role of interleukin-10 in systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of Autoimmunity. June 2003, 20 (4): 287–9. PMID 12791314. doi:10.1016/S0896-8411(03)00043-X. 
  • Asadullah K, Sabat R, Friedrich M, Volk HD, Sterry W. Interleukin-10: an important immunoregulatory cytokine with major impact on psoriasis. Current Drug Targets. Inflammation and Allergy. June 2004, 3 (2): 185–92. PMID 15180472. doi:10.2174/1568010043343886. 
  • Stenvinkel P, Ketteler M, Johnson RJ, Lindholm B, Pecoits-Filho R, Riella M, Heimbürger O, Cederholm T, Girndt M. IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-alpha: central factors in the altered cytokine network of uremia--the good, the bad, and the ugly. Kidney International. April 2005, 67 (4): 1216–33. PMID 15780075. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00200.x. 
  • Chang CF, Wan J, Li Q, Renfroe SC, Heller NM, Wang J. Alternative activation-skewed microglia/macrophages promote hematoma resolution in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurobiol. Dis. July 2017, 103: 54–69. PMC 5540140可免费查阅. PMID 28365213. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2017.03.016. 
  • Copeland KF. Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines. Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. December 2005, 5 (12): 1093–101. PMID 16375755. doi:10.2174/138955705774933383. 

外部链接

按族分类
趋化因子
CCL
  • CCL1
  • CCL2英语CCL2/MCP-1
  • CCL3英语CCL3/MIP-1α
  • CCL4英语CCL4/MIP-1β
  • CCL5英语CCL5/RANTES
  • CCL6英语CCL6
  • CCL7英语CCL7
  • CCL8英语CCL8
  • CCL9
  • CCL11英语CCL11
  • CCL12
  • CCL13英语CCL13
  • CCL14英语CCL14
  • CCL15英语CCL15
  • CCL16英语CCL16
  • CCL17英语CCL17
  • CCL18英语CCL18
  • CCL19英语CCL19
  • CCL20英语CCL20
  • CCL21英语CCL21
  • CCL22英语CCL22
  • CCL23英语CCL23
  • CCL24英语CCL24
  • CCL25英语CCL25
  • CCL26英语CCL26
  • CCL27英语CCL27
  • CCL28英语CCL28
CXCL
  • CXCL1/KC
  • CXCL2英语CXCL2
  • CXCL3英语CXCL3
  • CXCL4/PF4
  • CXCL5英语CXCL5
  • CXCL6英语CXCL6
  • CXCL7/β-tg
  • CXCL8/IL8
  • CXCL9
  • CXCL10
  • CXCL11
  • CXCL12/SDF-1
  • CXCL13英语CXCL13
  • CXCL14英语CXCL14
  • CXCL15英语CXCL15
  • CXCL16英语CXCL16
  • CXCL17英语CXCL17
CX3CL
  • CX3CL1英语CX3CL1
XCL
  • XCL1英语XCL1
  • XCL2英语XCL2
肿瘤坏死因子
(TNF)超家族
英语Tumor necrosis factor superfamily

  • 肿瘤坏死因子
  • 淋巴毒素
    • TNFB/LTA英语Lymphotoxin alpha
    • TNFC/LTB英语Lymphotoxin beta
  • TNFSF4英语OX40L
  • TNFSF5/CD40LG英语CD154
  • TNFSF6英语Fas ligand
  • TNFSF7英语CD70
  • TNFSF8英语CD153
  • TNFSF9英语4-1BB ligand
  • TNFSF10英语TRAIL
  • TNFSF11
  • TNFSF13英语APRIL (protein)
  • TNFSF13B英语B-cell activating factor
  • EDA
白细胞介素
(IL)
受体为
I型细胞因子受体
受体共用β链
  • IL2/IL15
  • IL4/IL13
  • IL7
  • IL9
  • IL21
受体共用γ链
IL-6家族/CD130英语Glycoprotein 130
  • IL6
  • IL11英语Interleukin 11
  • IL27
  • IL30英语Interleukin 30
  • IL31英语Interleukin 31
    • +不属于白介素的 OSM
    • LIF
    • CNTF英语Ciliary neurotrophic factor
    • CT-1英语Cardiotrophin 1
IL-12家族/IL12RB1英语Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 subunit
  • IL12英语Interleukin 12
  • IL23英语Interleukin 23
  • IL27英语Interleukin-27
  • IL35英语Interleukin 35
其它
  • IL14英语Interleukin 14
  • IL16英语Interleukin 16
  • IL32英语Interleukin 32
  • IL34英语Interleukin 34
受体为
II型细胞因子受体
IL-10家族
  • IL10/IL22英语Interleukin 22
  • IL19英语Interleukin 19
  • IL20英语Interleukin 20
  • IL24英语Interleukin 24
  • IL26英语Interleukin 26
  • III型干扰素
    • IL28英语Interleukin 28
    • IL29英语Interleukin 29
干扰素
(IFN)
I型
  • Interferon, alpha 1英语Interferon, alpha 1
  • IFNA2英语IFNA2
  • IFNA4英语IFNA4
  • IFNA5英语IFNA5
  • IFNA6英语IFNA6
  • IFNA7英语IFNA7
  • IFNA8英语IFNA8
  • IFNA10英语IFNA10
  • IFNA13英语IFNA13
  • IFNA14英语IFNA14
  • IFNA16英语IFNA16
  • IFNA17英语IFNA17
  • IFNA21英语IFNA21
  • IFNB1英语IFNB1
  • IFNK英语IFNK
  • IFNW1英语IFNW1
II型
免疫球蛋白超家族英语Immunoglobulin superfamily
  • IL-1家族IL1A英语IL1A
  • IL1B英语IL1B
  • Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist英语Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
  • IL1F5英语IL1F5
  • IL1F6英语IL1F6
  • IL1F7英语IL1F7
  • IL1F8英语IL1F8
  • IL1F9英语IL1F9
  • IL1F10英语IL1F10
  • Interleukin 33英语Interleukin 33
  • Interleukin 18英语Interleukin 18
IL-17家族英语IL-17 family
  • IL17A英语IL17A
  • IL17B烏克蘭語IL17B
  • IL17C烏克蘭語IL17C
  • IL17D烏克蘭語IL17D
  • IL17E/IL-25英语Interleukin 25
  • IL17F烏克蘭語IL17F
其它
  • 骨桥蛋白
  • 巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子英语Macrophage migration inhibitory factor
按临床
功能分类
  • 单核因子
  • 淋巴因子
    • Th1
      • 干扰素-γ
      • 淋巴毒素-α英语Lymphotoxin alpha
    • Th2
      • IL4
      • interleukin 5英语interleukin 5
      • interleukin 6英语interleukin 6
      • 白细胞介素-10
      • interleukin 13英语interleukin 13
 
信号转导索引
描述
  • 胞外
    • 神經肽
    • 生长因子
    • 细胞因子
    • 激素
  • 細胞表面受體英语Template:Cell surface receptors
    • 配体门控离子通道
    • 酶联受體
    • G蛋白偶聯受體
    • 免疫球蛋白超家族英语Template:Immunoglobulin superfamily immune receptors
    • 整合素
    • 神經肽受體
    • 生長因子受體
    • 细胞因子受體
  • 胞內
    • 受體蛋白英语Template:Signal transducing adaptor proteins
    • GTP-binding英语Template:GTP-binding protein regulators
    • MAP激酶
  • 鈣信號
  • 脂質系號
  • 路徑
    • hedgehog
    • Wnt
    • TGF-β
    • MAPK ERK英语Template:MAPK ERK signaling pathway
    • notch英语Template:Notch signaling pathway
    • JAK-STAT
    • 細胞凋亡
    • hippo英语Template:Hippo signaling pathway
    • TLR