Stolas

Stolas
Stolas lebasii
Nomenklatur
Stolas Billberg, 1820
Klassifikasjon
Rike		Dyreriket
Rekke		Leddyr
Klasse		Insekter
Orden		Biller
Familie		Bladbiller
Økologi
Antall arter:		ca. 185
Habitat:		på planter
Utbredelse:		Amerika
Inndelt i

Stolas er en artsrik slekt av biller som tilhører familiegruppen bladbiller (Chrysomelidae). Både larvene og de voksne (imago) er planteetere.

Utseende

Nokså små (5-7 millimeter), bredt ovale, flate, blanke, gjerne svarte med gule eller røde tegningerbladbiller, ofte med noe metallglans. Hodet er ganske lite, men godt synlig ovenfra, antennene forholdsvis korte. Kroppsformen er oval. Pronotum er mye bredere enn langt, rundet, dekkvingene rundede og hvelvede uten punktrader. Beina er nokså korte. Noen har en opphøyd knøl foran på dekkvingene.

Utbredelse

Gruppen er utbredt i varme områder av den Nye verden.

Systematisk inndeling

Hispinae inkluderer noen ganger gruppen (underfamilien) skjoldbiller, da som stammen Cassidini, i denne oversikten er den holdt utenfor, og plassert inn i som søstergruppen skjoldbiller. Andre klassifikasjoner plasserer denne gruppen (som Hispini) som en undergruppe av skjoldbillene.

Treliste

orden biller (Coleoptera)
- underorden Polyphaga
  - overfamilie Chrysomeloidea Latreille, 1802 (=Phytophaga)
    - familien bladbiller (Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802)
      - underfamilien skjoldbiller, Cassidinae
      - underfamilien Hispinae, Gyllenhal, 1813 – ikke i Norge, én art i Norden
        stamme Mesomphaliini Hope, 1840
        slekten Stolas Billberg, 1820
        Stolas acuminata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas acuta (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas aenea (Olivier, 1790)
        
        Stolas aeneovittata (Champion, 1893)
        
        Stolas agenysiformis Borowiec, 2011
        
        Stolas alcyonea (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas amoena (Spaeth, 1917)
        
        Stolas anceps (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas antiqua (Sahlberg, 1823)
        
        Stolas areolata (Germar, 1824)
        
        Stolas armirantensis Borowiec, 1999
        
        Stolas arrowi (Spaeth, 1932)
        
        Stolas arula (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas asema (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas atalyaensis Borowiec & Takizawa, 2011
        
        Stolas augur (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas beatula (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas bilineata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas bioculata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas blanda (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas blandifica (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas boliviana (Spaeth, 1909)
        
        Stolas brachiata (Fabricius, 1798)
        
        Stolas brevicuspis (Spaeth, 1922)
        
        Stolas brunni (Spaeth, 1905)
        
        Stolas callizona (Spaeth, 1909)
        
        Stolas calvata (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas cassandra (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas castigata (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas chelidonaria (Demay, 1838)
        
        Stolas clathrata (Spaeth, 1902)
        
        Stolas coalita (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas coerulescens (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas comis (Spaeth, 1912)
        
        Stolas confusa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas consanguinea (Kirsch, 1876)
        
        Stolas consociata (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas conspersa (Germar, 1824)
        
        Stolas contubernalis (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas cordata (Wagener, 1881)
        
        Stolas corruptiva (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas croceovittata (Spaeth, 1901)
        
        Stolas cruentata (Erichson, 1847)
        
        Stolas cucullata (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas decemguttata (Sturm, 1828)
        
        Stolas deleta (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas demissa (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas deplorabunda (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas discoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
        
        Stolas diversa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas duricoria (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas echoma Borowiec, 1998
        
        Stolas ephippium (Lichtenstein, 1795)
        
        Stolas erectepilosa Borowiec, 1998
        
        Stolas erichsoni (Weise, 1902)
        
        Stolas eugenea (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas eurydice (Spaeth, 1917)
        
        Stolas excelsa (Spaeth, 1917)
        
        Stolas extricata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas famula (Spaeth, 1928)
        
        Stolas fasciculata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas fasciculosa (Spaeth, 1909)
        
        Stolas festiva (Klug, 1829)
        
        Stolas flavipennis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas flavofenestrata (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas flavoguttata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas flavomarginata Borowiec, 1999
        
        Stolas flavonotata (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas flavoreticulata (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas floccosa (Erichson, 1847)
        
        Stolas foveolatipennis (Spaeth, 1937)
        
        Stolas funebris (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas glabricollis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas godeti (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas haematites (Lichtenstein, 1795)
        
        Stolas hameli Borowiec, 2007
        
        Stolas helleri (Spaeth, 1915)
        
        Stolas hermanni (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas honorifica (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas huanocensis (Spaeth, 1901)
        
        Stolas hypocrita (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas ignita (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas iheringi (Spaeth, 1913)
        
        Stolas illustris (Chevrolat, 1834)
        
        Stolas imitatrix Borowiec, 1999
        
        Stolas imparilis (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas imperialis (Spaeth, 1898)
        
        Stolas implexa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas impluviata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas impudens (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas inaurata (Burmeister, 1870)
        
        Stolas inca (Spaeth, 1901)
        
        Stolas indigacea (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas inermis (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas inexculta (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas inspida (Spaeth, 1932)
        
        Stolas interjecta (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas intermedia Borowiec, 1999
        
        Stolas isthmica (Champion, 1893)
        
        Stolas kaestneri (Spaeth, 1932)
        
        Stolas kollari (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas kraatzi (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas lacertosa (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas lacordairei (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas lacunosa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas lata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas latevittata (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas lebasii (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas lenis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas lineaticollis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas mannerheimi (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas mellyi (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas metallica (Demay, 1838)
        
        Stolas modica (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas murina (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas napoensis Borowiec, 1998
        
        Stolas nickerli (Spaeth, 1901)
        
        Stolas nigrolineata (Champion, 1893)
        
        Stolas niobe (Spaeth, 1919)
        
        Stolas nudicollis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas octosignata (Spaeth, 1913)
        
        Stolas oblita (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas obvoluta (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas omaspidiformis Borowiec, 2007
        
        Stolas pallidoguttata (Blanchard, 1837)
        
        Stolas paranensis (Spaeth, 1928)
        
        Stolas pascoei (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas paulista (Spaeth, 1935)
        
        Stolas pauperula (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas pectinata (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas pellicula (Spaeth, 1915)
        
        Stolas perezi Borowiec, 1998
        
        Stolas perfuga (Spaeth, 1926)
        
        Stolas perjucunda (Balý, 1872)
        
        Stolas pertusa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas placida (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas plagicollis (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas pleurosticha (Erichson, 1847)
        
        Stolas praecalva (Spaeth, 1942)
        
        Stolas praetoria (Spaeth, 1928)
        
        Stolas puberula (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas pubipennis (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas pucallpaensis Borowiec & Takizawa, 2011
        
        Stolas pullata (Spaeth, 1911)
        
        Stolas punicea (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas quinquefasciata (Wagener, 1877)
        
        Stolas quatuordecimsignata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas redtenbacheri (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas reticularis (Linnaeus, 1758)
        
        Stolas rubicundula (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas rubroreticulata (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas rufocincta (Wagener, 1881)
        
        Stolas sanguineovittata Borowiec, 1998
        
        Stolas sanramonensis Borowiec, 2005
        
        Stolas saundersi (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas schaumi (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas scoparia Erichson, 1847
        
        Stolas scrobiculata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas selecta (Spaeth, 1928)
        
        Stolas sexplagiata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas sexsignata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas sexstillata (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas socialis (Spaeth, 1932)
        
        Stolas sommeri (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas stevensi (Boheman, 1856)
        
        Stolas stolida (Spaeth, 1917)
        
        Stolas stragula (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas stygia (Spaeth, 1932)
        
        Stolas subcaudata (Spaeth, 1926)
        
        Stolas submetallica (Weise, 1902)
        
        Stolas subreticulata (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas suspiciosa (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas suturalis (Fabricius, 1777)
        
        Stolas tachiraensis Borowiec, 2009
        
        Stolas thoreyi (Boheman, 1862)
        
        Stolas tumulus (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas uniformis Borowiec & Swietojanska, 2010
        
        Stolas verecunda (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas vetula (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas vicina (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas vidua (Boheman, 1850)
        
        Stolas vorax (Weise, 1902)
        
        Stolas warchalowskii Borowiec, 2007
        
        Stolas zonata (Spaeth, 1902)
        
        Stolas zumbaensis Borowiec, 1998