HEATリピート
ヒートリピート | |||||||||||
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![]() インポーチンβとインポーチンα IBBドメインの複合体の構造[1] | |||||||||||
識別子 | |||||||||||
略号 | HEAT | ||||||||||
Pfam | PF03810 | ||||||||||
Pfam clan | CL0020 | ||||||||||
InterPro | IPR001494 | ||||||||||
SMART | SM000913 | ||||||||||
PROSITE | PS50166 | ||||||||||
SCOP | 1QGK | ||||||||||
SUPERFAMILY | 1QGK | ||||||||||
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HEATリピート(ひーとりぴーと:HEAT repeats)は、多くのタンパク質に見られるリピート配列(構造)のひとつ[2]。ひとつのユニットは、30-40アミノ酸残基からなり、2本の両親媒性ヘリックスが折り畳まれた構造をつくる。このユニットが数十回繰り返されると、弾力性に富むソレノイド状構造を形成する[3][4][5]。
HEATリピートの名前の由来
HEATの名前は、このリピート配列を共有する代表的な4つのタンパク質の頭文字に由来する:Huntingtin (ハンチントン病の責任タンパク質ハンチンチン), Elongation factor 3 (EF3)(タンパク質合成伸長因子), Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) A subunit(プロテインホスファターゼ2AのAサブユニット) , TOR1 (target of rapamycin)(シグナル伝達に関わるタンパク質キナーゼ)[6]。
様々なHEATタンパク質とその構造
HEATリピートタンパク質の代表例として知られているものには、核-細胞質間輸送因子インポーチンβ (karyopherin βとも呼ばれる) ファミリー[7]、コンデンシンやコヒーシンの制御サブユニット[8]、セパレース[9]、ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) やATR (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related)を含むPIKKs (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinases)[10][11]、微小管結合タンパク質XMAP215/Dis1/TOG[12]とCLASP[13]などがある。このようにHEATリピートをもつタンパク質の細胞内機能は多彩である。
これまでに、構造が解かれているHEATリピートタンパク質には以下のものがある。
- タンパク質修飾・分解
- 翻訳制御
- 翻訳伸長因子eEF3[29]
- 翻訳開始因子eIF4G[30]
- アミノアシルtRNAの受け渡しを行うCex1p[31]
- DNA修復
- 染色体制御
- 細胞増殖制御
- TOR (target of rapamycin)[60]
- その他
類似の構造をもつリピート配列
HEATリピートと類似の構造をもつリピート配列として、アルマジロリピート(Armadillo [ARM] repeat)[69]、やPUFリピート(Pumilio/fem-3 mRNA binding factor [PUF] repeat[70][71])がある。
引用文献
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