Kereta Ringan (MTR)

Light Rail 輕鐵
Kereta Ringan MTR
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Ikhtisar
Jenis	Kereta ringan
Sistem	MTR
Lokasi	Distrik: Tuen Mun, Yuen Long
Stasiun	68
Operasi
Dibuka	18 September 1988
Data teknis
Panjang lintas	362 km (225 mi)
Lebar sepur	1.435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Elektrifikasi	750 V DC
Peta rute Templat:Light Rail RDT

Kereta Ringan (bahasa Inggris: Light Rail, juga dikenal dengan Light Rail Transit, LRT), adalah sistem kereta ringan di Hong Kong, melayani Wilayah-Wilayah Barat Baru, sekitar Distrik Tuen Mun dan Distrik Yuen Long. Sistem beroperasi dengan track 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in) standard gauge, menggunakan sumber tegangan 750 V DC overhead. Dulunya ini merupakan satu dari 4 sistem yang membentuk jaringan KCR di Hong Kong. Pengguna hariannya sekitar 473.000 orang.^[1]

Ketika Tuen Mun dikembangkan pada tahun 1970-an, pemerintah Hong Kong telah menyisihkan ruang untuk meletakkan rel kereta api. Ada ketidakpastian perusahaan mana yang akan ditugaskan untuk membangun jalur kereta. Pada tahun 1982 Hong Kong Tramways menunjukkan minat untuk membangun sistem dan menjalankan trem double-decker, sebelum akhirnya batal setelah negosiasi atas premi tanah terkait pengembangan properti gagal.^[2] Pemerintah berusaha mencari pembangun lain. Mass Transit Railway Corporation (MTRC) sedang "banyak berutang" pada saat itu, sehingga Sekretaris Transportasi Alan Scott mengundang Kowloon–Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC) untuk mengerjakan proyek ini.^[3][4] KCRC mengumumkan mereka akan membangun sistem ini pada tahun 1984 dengan anggaran sebesar $1,5 miliar AS, setelah mencari cara untuk meningkatkan kelayakan komersial.^[5] Setelah dilakukan beberapa penelitian, konstruksi dimulai pada 14 Juli 1985.

Sistem selesai dan beroperasi penuh pada bulan September 1988. Bagian pertama dibuka untuk umum pada tanggal 18 September 1988, gratis antara Tuen Mun dan Yuen Long; semua layanan mulai normal empat hari kemudian, pada tanggal 18 September.^[6] Sistem ini terdiri dari dua loop besar dan 3 loop kecil yang melayani sebagian besar perumahan di utara Tuen Mun. Tiga cabang: satu ke On Ting Estate di tenggara, satu ke Dermaga Feri Tuen Mun di barat daya dan satu lagi sepanjang jalan ke kota Yuen Long di Castle Peak Road. Sistem ini kemudian dikenal sebagai Light Rail Transit atau LRT dan juga disebut sebagai North-West Railway menurut Tata Cara Kowloon–Canton Railway Corporation dan ART Mass Transit Railway (North-west Railway).^[7][8]

Sistem ini dibagi menjadi enam zona tarif, satu-satunya sistem transit di Hong Kong untuk menggunakan sistem zonasi. Bus feeder memiliki harga yang independen, tapi akan memberikan diskon ketika penumpang menggunakan bus dan LRT. Kendaraan kereta ringan sebanyak 70 single-deck LRV diproduksi di Melbourne dan Brisbane, Australia oleh Comeng, dan dikirim ke Hong Kong untuk 7 rute LRT. Tiga rute ke Yuen Long dan yang lainnya di Tuen Mun.

• Pada bulan Juli 1994 kereta ringan dan truk bertabrakan, menewaskan kapten LRV.^[9]
• Pada tanggal 11 September 1994, bus yang membawa pekerja pabrik menerobos lampu merah dan hancur di antara dua kereta ringan di persimpangan dekat Fu Tei. Pengemudi bus dan penumpangnya tewas.^[10] Dua kapten LRV dibebaskan dari kesalahan. Inspektorat kereta juga mengatakan, desain dari persimpangan itu tidak bisa disalahkan. Pemerintah mengatakan akan melaksanakan perekaman video pada persimpangan LRT, menambah rambu jalan antara Tuen Mun dan Yuen Long dan lebih mendidik pengemudi.^[11]
• Pada tanggal 13 Januari 1995 kereta ringan tergelincir akibat vandalisme disengaja di jalan Tin Raja dan Ming Kum. KCRC tidak menerima ancaman atau peringatan terlebih dahulu.^[12]
• Pada 9 Februari 2010 konstruksi crane jatuh pada kereta api LRT saat mendekati Pemberhentian Leung King Berhenti. 18 terluka.^[13]
• Pada 17 Mei 2013, kereta ringan CSR Fase IV, 1112 dan 1117 pada rute 761P, tergelincir dan jatuh saat berbelok pada kecepatan 40.9 km/jam, melebihi batas kecepatan 15 km / jam. Kereta berjalan dari Kiu Hung Road ke Castle Peak Road di Tin Shui Wai. Setidaknya 77 orang terluka dalam kecelakaan itu.^[14] Kapten LRV dihukum karena kelalaian menurut Tata Cara Mass Transit Railway.^[15]
• Pada 19 Agustus 2013, pria 63 tahun tewas di Pemberhentian Locwood saat melintasi trek di titik persimpangan; kereta tidak berhenti pada waktunya.^[16]
• Pada 21 November 2014, LRV 1093 pada rute 507 bertabrakan dengan bus bertingkat MTR dekat Terminus Tuen Mun Ferry Terminus. Bus menabrak karena menerobos lampu merah. Kereta tergelincir dan 20 terluka.^[17]

Daftar pustaka

• Yeung, Rikkie (2008). Moving Millions: The Commercial Success and Political Controversies of Hong Kong's Railways. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. 

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