Workers' Political Movement

The Workers' Political Movement (Italian: Movimento Politico dei Lavoratori, MPL), also translated as Political Movement of Workers,^[1] was a small political party in Italy led by Livio Labor.

After the congress of Christian Associations of Italian Workers (ACLI) had voted to end its affiliation with Christian Democracy, on March 8, 1969, Livio Labor (president of ACLI) and Riccardo Lombardi founded the "Association of Political Culture" (Associazione di Cultura Politica, ACPOL), committed to the restructuring of the Italian left. On 5 July 1970, the ACPOL dissolved itself to start the constituent phase of the Workers' Political Movement (MPL). The MPL sprang from the Catholic sector of dissent towards the Christian Democrats, aiming to represent progressive Catholics and leftists.

In the general elections of 1972 the MPL obtained only 0.36% of the votes.^[2] After this disappointing result many MPL members (such as Labor himself, Gennaro Acquaviva, Luciano Benadusi, Marco Biagi and Luigi Covatta) joined the Italian Socialist Party (PSI).^[3]

The MPL minority (Giovanni Russo Spena, Domenico Jervolino, Gian Giacomo Migone, Vittorio Bellavite and others) decided instead to continue its political activity as Socialist Alternative. Three months later this new formation merged with the New Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (PSIUP) to found the Proletarian Unity Party (PdUP).

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Historical political parties in Italy

Communist

• Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984)
• Italian Communist Party (1921–1991)
• Proletarian Democracy (1978–1991)
• Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014)

Democratic socialist

• Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party (1881–1893)
• Italian Workers' Party (1882–1892)
• Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972)
• Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998)
• Democratic Left (2007–2010)
• Left Ecology Freedom (2010-2016)

Green

• Rainbow Greens (1989–1990)
• Federation of Green Lists (1986–1990)
• Federation of the Greens (1990–2021)

Social-democratic and liberal-socialist

• Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1926)
• Unitary Socialist Party (1922–1930)
• Action Party (1929–1947)
• Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948)
• Union of Socialists (1948–1949)
• Unitary Socialist Party (1949–1951)
• Unified Socialist Party (1966–1969)
• Italian Socialist Party (1892–1994)
• Italian Democratic Socialist Party (1947–1998)
• Labour Federation (1994–1998)
• Democrats of the Left (1998–2007)
• Italian Democratic Socialists (1998–2007)
• Article One (2017–2023)

Radical and social-liberal

• Action Party (1853–1867)
• Italian Radical Party (1904–1922)
• Democratic Party (1913–1919)
• Social Democracy (1922–1926)
• Republican Democratic Concentration (1946)
• Radical Party (1955–1989)
• Democratic Alliance (1993–1997)
• The Network (1991–1999)

Centrist and centrist liberal

• Constitutional Democratic Party (1913–1919)
• Italian Democratic Liberal Party (1919–1926)
• Democratic Union for the Republic (1998–1999)
• Union for the Republic
• Italian Renewal (1996–2002)
• The Democrats (1999–2002)
• Segni Pact (1993–2003)
• Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (2002–2007)
• Civic Choice (2013–2019)
• Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–2018)

Regionalist and federalist

• Movement for the Independence of Sicily (1943–1951)
• Federalists and Liberal Democrats (1994–1996)
• Federalist Italian League (1995–1996)
• Great South (2011–2013)

Christian-democratic

• Italian Catholic Electoral Union (1906–1919)
• Conservative Catholics (1913–1919)
• Italian People's Party (1919–1926)
• Christian Democracy (1943–1994)
• Italian People's Party (1994–2002)
• Christian Democrats for the Republic (1998)
• Christian Democratic Centre (1994–2002)
• United Christian Democrats (1995–2002)
• European Democracy (2001–2002)
• Christian Democracy for Autonomies (2005–2009)
• Union of Democrats for Europe (1999–2013)

Conservative-liberal

• Liberal Union (1913–1922)
• Italian Liberal Party (1922–1994)
• National Democratic Alliance (1953–1954)
• Union of the Centre

Liberal-conservative

• Economic Party (1919–1924)
• Forza Italia (1994–2009)
• The People of Freedom (2009–2013)
• Future and Freedom (2010–2014)
• New Centre-Right (2013–2017)
• Conservatives and Reformists (2015–2017)
• Direction Italy (2017–2019)
• Cambiamo! (2019–2022)

National-conservative

• Common Man's Front (1946–1949)
• Monarchist National Party (1946–1959)
• People's Monarchist Party (1954–1959)
• Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (1959–1972)
• National Democracy (1977–1979)
• National Alliance (1995–2009)

Nationalist

• Italian Nationalist Association (1910–1923)
• Combatants' Party (1919–1923)
• National Fascist Party (1921–1943)
• Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945)
• Italian Social Movement (1946–1995)

• List of political parties in Italy
• 19th-century Italian political groups
• Early 20th-century Italian political parties
• 1950s–1990s Italian political parties
• Current Italian political parties