Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne'
Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' | |
---|---|
Species | Ulmus americana |
Cultivar | 'Burgoyne' |
Origin | Weston, Mass. US |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fiske_Law_Office%2C_c._1805_-_near_the_Burgoyne_Elm_-_Weston%2C_MA_-_DSC05033.jpg/220px-Fiske_Law_Office%2C_c._1805_-_near_the_Burgoyne_Elm_-_Weston%2C_MA_-_DSC05033.jpg)
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' stood at the Arnold Arboretum until removed in 1988.[1] Grown for the town of Weston, Massachusetts, the tree was raised in 1965 by Dr. Donald Wyman, retired head horticulturist of Arnold Arboretum (and himself of Weston), from seeds of the historic Burgoyne Elm,[2] that stood for c.300 years[3] at 626 Boston Post Road, Weston,[4] before being felled in 1967[5] (bole girth 25 ft.[2]) In October 1777 a contingent of British prisoners-of-war from General Burgoyne's defeated army, captured by General Gates, bivouacked under the original tree, then nearly a century old, on their way to prison in Somerville.[2][6]
The name of the tree was first noted in records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society,[1] but is not formally recognized as a valid cultivar.
Description
The original tree in Weston was broad at the top with irregular ascending branches.[7]
Pests and diseases
The Weston tree succumbed to Dutch Elm Disease.[8] The species as a whole is highly susceptible to Elm Yellows; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola,[9] and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [10][11] in the United States. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt.[12]
Cultivation
Four scions of the Burgoyne elm were also planted near the parent tree in Weston in 1965.[2][8][13] These eventually succumbed to DED and were replaced in 2021 by a disease-resistant strain of American elm.[14] It is not known whether 'Burgoyne' remains in cultivation elsewhere.
References
- ^ a b Santamour, Frank S.; Bentz, Susan E. (May 1995). "Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America". Journal of Arboriculture. 21 (3): 122–131. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- ^ a b c d 'Our historic Burgoyne elm and its memories', Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1971, Vol.8 No.1
- ^ Weston Town Crier, 11 March 2013
- ^ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, May 1968, Vol.4 No.4
- ^ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1967, Vol.4 No.1
- ^ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, March 1967, Vol.3 No.3
- ^ Photograph of the original tree in Weston, Weston Historical Society Bulletin, May 1967, Vol.3 No.4
- ^ a b Weston Historical Society Bulletin, March 1970, Vol.6 No.3
- ^ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George (2001-02-01). "Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus spp.) to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. 94 (1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 162–166. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.162. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11233108. S2CID 42980569.
- ^ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George; Jackson, Jennifer (2001-04-01). "Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms ( Ulmus spp.) for the Adult Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. 94 (2). Oxford University Press (OUP): 445–448. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.445. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11332837. S2CID 7520439.
- ^ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- ^ Pegg, G. F. & Brady, B. L. (2002). Verticillium Wilts. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0-85199-529-2
- ^ Photograph of young 'Burgoyne' elm, Weston; 'Our historic Burgoyne elm and its memories', Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1971, Vol.8 No.1, p.4
- ^ Weston Town Crier, 3 June 2021
- v
- t
- e
- U. alata (Winged elm)
- U. americana (American elm)
- U. americana var. floridana (Florida elm)
- U. bergmanniana (Bergmann's elm)
- U. bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
- U. bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
- U. castaneifolia (Chestnut-leafed or multinerved elm)
- U. changii (Hangzhou elm)
- U. changii var. changii
- U. changii var. kunmingensis (Kunming elm)
- U. chenmoui (Chenmou or Langya Mountain elm)
- U. chumlia
- U. crassifolia (Cedar or Texas cedar elm)
- U. davidiana (David or Father David elm)
- U. davidiana var. davidiana
- U. davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm)
- U. elongata (Long raceme elm)
- U. gaussenii (Anhui or hairy elm)
- U. glabra (Wych or scots elm)
- U. glaucescens (Gansu elm)
- U. glaucescens var. glaucescens
- U. glaucescens var. lasiocarpa (hairy-fruited glaucescent elm)
- U. harbinensis (Harbin elm)
- U. ismaelis
- U. laciniata (Manchurian cut-leaf or lobed elm)
- U. laciniata var. nikkoensis (Nikko elm)
- U. laevis (European white elm)
- U. laevis var. celtidea
- U. laevis var. parvifolia
- U. laevis var. simplicidens
- U. lamellosa (Hebei elm)
- U. lanceifolia (Vietnam elm)
- U. macrocarpa (Large-fruited elm)
- U. macrocarpa var. glabra
- U. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
- U. mexicana (Mexican elm)
- U. microcarpa (Tibetan elm)
- U. minor (Field elm)
- U. minor subsp. minor
- U. minor var. italica
- U. parvifolia (Chinese or lacebark elm)
- U. parvifolia var. coreana (Korean elm)
- U. prunifolia (Cherry-leafed elm)
- U. pseudopropinqua (Harbin spring elm)
- U. pumila (Siberian elm)
- U. rubra (Slippery elm)
- U. serotina (September elm)
- U. szechuanica (Szechuan (Sichuan) or red-fruited elm)
- U. thomasii (Rock or cork elm)
- U. uyematsui (Alishan elm)
- U. villosa (Cherry-bark or marn elm)
- U. wallichiana (Himalayan or kashmir elm)
- U. wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
- U. wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
- U. wallichiana var. tomentosa
- U. boissieri
- U. minor subsp. canescens (Grey, grey-leafed or hoary elm)
- U. elliptica
- U. davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
- U. × arbuscula
- U. × arkansana
- U. × brandisiana
- U. × diversifolia
- U. × hollandica (Dutch elm)
- U. × hollandica var. insularum
- U. × intermedia
- U. × mesocarpa
- aff. Plotii
- Acutifolia
- Alata
- Alksuth
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- Jacqueline Hillier
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- U. okanaganensis