Timeline of Toledo, Spain

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Toledo, Spain.

Prior to 20th century

Part of a series on the
History of Spain

Prehistory Prehistoric Iberia
Early history Pre-Roman peoples Carthaginian Spain (575–206 BCE)
Roman Hispania Roman Conquest (206–27 BCE) Hispania (218 BCE–472 CE) Romanization Diocese of Hispania
Early Middle Ages Kingdom of the Suebi (409–585) Kingdom of the Visigoths (418–721) Byzantine Spania (552–624)
Middle Ages Muslim conquest (711–716) Al-Andalus (711–1492) Reconquista (711–1492) Christian kingdoms (718–1479)
Early modern period Catholic Monarchs (1479–1516) Granada War (1482–1492) Colonisation of the Americas (1492–1898) Habsburgs (1516–1700) Golden Age (1556–1659) Iberian Union (1580–1640) Bourbons (1700–1808) War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) Nueva Planta Decrees (1707–1716)
Peninsular War Abdications of Bayonne (1808) Napoleonic Spain (1808–1813) Cortes of Cádiz (1810–1814) Constitution of Cádiz (1812) Treaty of Valençay (1813)
Absolutist restoration Sexenio Absolutista (1814–1820) Trienio Liberal (1820–1823) Ominous Decade (1823–1833)
Reign of Isabella II Regency of María Cristina (1833–1840) First Carlist War (1833–1840) Regency of Espartero (1840–1843) Década moderada (1844–1854) Second Carlist War (1846–1849) Bienio progresista (1854–1856) Glorious Revolution (1868)
Sexenio Democrático Provisional Government (1868–1871) Reign of Amadeo I (1870–1873) Third Carlist War (1872–1876) First Republic (1873–1874)
Restoration Spain Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) Regency of María Cristina (1885–1902) Reign of Alfonso XIII (1886–1931) Spanish–American War (1898) Spain during World War I (1914–1918) Rif War (–1927) Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera (1923–1930) Dictablanda of Dámaso Berenguer (1930–1931)
Second Republic Provisional Government (1931) First Biennium (1931–1933) Second Biennium (1933–1936) Revolution and Asturian miners' strike (1934) 1936 general election (1936) 1936 coup d'état (1936) Civil War (1936–1939) Nationalist victory (1939)
Francoist Spain Spanish Maquis (1939–1965) Republican exile (1939–1977) Spain during World War II (1939–1945) Blue Division (1941–1944) Basque conflict (1959–2011)
Contemporary history Transition to democracy (1975–1978) Current constitution (1978) 1981 coup d'état attempt Madrid train bombings (2004) 2008–2014 financial crisis 2017 Barcelona attacks Catalan declaration of independence (2017) Coronavirus pandemic (2020–present)
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193 CE – Settlement becomes part of the Roman Empire.^[1]
250-300 – Roman Catholic diocese of Toledo established.^[2] Population: 15,000
397-400 – Religious Council of Toledo held.^[3]
554 – Toledo becomes capital of the Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo [es] (approximate date).^[4]
589 – Religious Council of Toledo held.^[3] Population: 10,000
712 – Muslims in power; city renamed "Tolaitola."^[5]
999 – Bib Mardum Mosque built.^[6]
1085 – Christian Alfonso VI of León and Castile takes Toledo.^[3]
1088 – Toledo archbishop becomes Primate of Spain.^[4]
1102 – Puerta del Cambrón (gate) built.^[3]
1180 – Santa María la Blanca synagogue built.^[6]
1209 – Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada becomes archbishop.
1227 – Toledo Cathedral construction begins.^[3]
1366 – Synagogue of El Transito built.^[6]
1380 – Public clock installed (approximate date).^[7]
1390 – Puente de San Martín (bridge) rebuilt.^[3]
1484 – Printing press in use.^[8]
1493 – Toledo Cathedral construction completed.
1520 – Real Universidad de Toledo [es] established.
1561 – Court of Philip II of Spain relocated from Toledo to Madrid.^[9] Population: 60,000
1576 – Artist El Greco moves to Toledo.^[10]
1703 – Casa consistorial de Toledo [es] (town hall) built.^[11]
1808 – Battalion of University Volunteers from the Royal University of Toledo formed.
1842 – Population: 13,580.^[12]
1857 – Population: 17,275.^[12]
1878 – Teatro Rojas (theatre) opens.^[13]
1887 – Alcázar of Toledo burns down.^[4]
1900 – Population: 23,317.^[12]

20th century

1919 – Toledo railway station built.
1928 – CD Toledo (football club) formed.
1930 – Population: 27,443.^[12]
1931 – Archivo Histórico Provincial de Toledo [es] (provincial archives) established.^[14]
1936 – Siege of the Alcázar.^[15]
1940 – Historic city area designated a Conjunto histórico (national heritage site).
1950 – Population: 40,243.^[12]
1973 – Estadio Salto del Caballo (stadium) opens.
1979 – Juan Ignacio de Mesa [es] becomes mayor.^[16]
1981 – Population: 57,769.^[12]
1986 – Historic city area designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.^[6]
1987 – El Día de Toledo newspaper begins publication.^[17]
1998 – Biblioteca de Castilla-La Mancha (library) opens.^[18]

21st century

2001 – Population: 68,382.^[12]
2009 – Gente Toledo newspaper begins publication.
2011 – Population:83,872.^[12]
2015
- 24 May: Province of Toledo municipal election, 2015 [es] and Castile-La Mancha parliamentary election, 2015 held.
- Milagros Tolón [es] becomes mayor.^[16]

References

^ Tarver 2016.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Spain". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c Haydn 1910.
^ Hourihane 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d International Council on Monuments and Sites (1986). "World Heritage List No. 379".
^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
^ F. J. Norton (1966). Printing in Spain 1501-1520. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13118-6.
^ Levi 1995.
^ "Iberian Peninsula, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
^ "Documento BOE-A-1996-28416", Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish), Ministry of the Presidency, Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado [es], 1996
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: Toledo". Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain). Retrieved 13 October 2016.
^ Conde de Cedillo 1890.
^ "Archivo Histórico Provincial de Toledo". Censo-Guía de Archivos (in Spanish). Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
^ Francisco J. Romero Salvadó (2013). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5784-1.
^ ^a ^b Archivo Municipal de Toledo. "Galería de alcaldes de Toledo" (in Spanish). Ayuntamiento de Toledo [es]. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
^ "Spain". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^ Biblioteca de Castilla-La Mancha. "Quienes somos" (in Spanish). Toledo: Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deportes de Castilla-La Mancha. Retrieved 13 October 2016.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Josiah Conder (1830), "Toledo", The Modern Traveller, London: J.Duncan
"Spain: Toledo", Cities and Principal Towns of the World, Cabinet Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, 1830, OCLC 2665202
Hannah Lynch (1898), Toledo, Mediaeval Towns, London: J.M. Dent & Co., OCLC 150311124
"Toledo". Spain and Portugal (3rd ed.). Leipsic: Karl Baedeker. 1908. OCLC 1581249.
Chisholm, Hugh (1910), "Toledo", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, OCLC 14782424{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)***Please note that a a to the article on [Toledo, Spain] in [EB1911] is not available***
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Toledo", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
Francis Whiting Halsey, ed. (1914). "Toledo". Spain and Portugal. Seeing Europe with Famous Authors. Vol. 9. Funk & Wagnalls Company – via HathiTrust.
Clarissa Levi (1995). "Toledo". In Trudy Ring (ed.). Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 716–719. ISBN 1884964028.
David Gilmour (2012). "Toledo". Cities of Spain. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4481-3833-3.
Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Toledo". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
H. Micheal Tarver, ed. (2016). "Key Places: Toledo". Spanish Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781610694223.

in Spanish

Cristóbal Lozano [in Spanish] (1667). Reyes Nuevos de Toledo (in Spanish) – via Google Books.
"Toledo". Castilla la Nueva. Recuerdos y bellezas de España (in Spanish). Vol. 1. Jose Repullés. 1853. hdl:2027/ucm.5325879622.
Antonio Martín Gamero [in Spanish] (1862). Historia de la ciudad de Toledo (in Spanish). Toledo: Severiano Lopez Fando.
Jerónimo López de Ayala conde de Cedillo [in Spanish] (1890). Toledo: guía artístico-práctica (in Spanish and French). Toledo: Libreria y Encuadernación de Menor Hermanos.