Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
TOP2A |
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Available structures |
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PDB | Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB |
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List of PDB id codes |
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1ZXM, 1ZXN, 4FM9, 4R1F |
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Identifiers |
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Aliases | TOP2A, TOP2, TP2A, topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha, DNA topoisomerase II alpha, TOPIIA, TOP2alpha |
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External IDs | OMIM: 126430; MGI: 98790; HomoloGene: 830; GeneCards: TOP2A; OMA:TOP2A - orthologs |
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Gene location (Human) |
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| Chr. | Chromosome 17 (human)[1] |
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| Band | 17q21.2 | Start | 40,388,525 bp[1] |
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End | 40,417,896 bp[1] |
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Gene location (Mouse) |
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| Chr. | Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] |
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| Band | 11 D|11 62.91 cM | Start | 98,883,769 bp[2] |
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End | 98,915,015 bp[2] |
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RNA expression pattern |
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Bgee | Human | Mouse (ortholog) |
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Top expressed in | - ventricular zone
- ganglionic eminence
- secondary oocyte
- right testis
- left testis
- bone marrow
- trabecular bone
- gonad
- bone marrow cells
- testicle
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| Top expressed in | - genital tubercle
- tail of embryo
- ventricular zone
- fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell
- maxillary prominence
- primitive streak
- mandibular prominence
- epiblast
- tibiofemoral joint
- somite
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| More reference expression data |
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BioGPS | |
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Gene ontology |
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Molecular function | - DNA binding
- nucleotide binding
- ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA
- protein homodimerization activity
- histone deacetylase binding
- chromatin binding
- isomerase activity
- metal ion binding
- DNA topoisomerase activity
- protein C-terminus binding
- ubiquitin binding
- protein binding
- protein heterodimerization activity
- enzyme binding
- ATP binding
- protein kinase C binding
- magnesium ion binding
- DNA binding, bending
- RNA binding
- DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activity
| Cellular component | - cytoplasm
- DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) complex
- nucleoplasm
- nuclear chromosome
- nucleolus
- centriole
- condensed chromosome
- nucleus
- viral integration complex
- protein-containing complex
- ribonucleoprotein complex
| Biological process | - resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates
- apoptotic chromosome condensation
- embryonic cleavage
- rhythmic process
- chromosome segregation
- DNA metabolic process
- protein sumoylation
- cellular response to DNA damage stimulus
- DNA ligation
- chromosome condensation
- regulation of circadian rhythm
- hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
- positive regulation of apoptotic process
- mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling
- positive regulation of viral genome replication
- positive regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate
- sister chromatid segregation
- positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
- DNA topological change
- negative regulation of DNA duplex unwinding
- female meiotic nuclear division
| Sources:Amigo / QuickGO |
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Orthologs |
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Species | Human | Mouse |
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Entrez | | |
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Ensembl | | |
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UniProt | | |
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RefSeq (mRNA) | | |
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RefSeq (protein) | | |
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Location (UCSC) | Chr 17: 40.39 – 40.42 Mb | Chr 11: 98.88 – 98.92 Mb |
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PubMed search | [3] | [4] |
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Wikidata |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
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DNA topoisomerase IIα is a human enzyme encoded by the TOP2A gene.
Topoisomerase IIα relieves topological DNA stress during transcription, condenses chromosomes, and separates chromatids. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromosome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several chemotherapy agents[5] and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance.[citation needed] Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia.[6]
Interactions
TOP2A has been shown to interact with SMURF2,[7] HDAC1,[8][9] CDC5L,[10] Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1,[11] P53,[12] and TOPBP1.[13]
In other species
In Drosophila Hadlaczky et al 1988 found DNA topoisomerase II α to correlate with cell proliferation - but β did not.[14]
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000131747 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020914 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Deweese, J. E.; Osheroff, N. (2009-02-01). "The DNA cleavage reaction of topoisomerase II: wolf in sheep's clothing". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (3): 738–748. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn937. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 2647315. PMID 19042970.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: TOP2A topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa".
- ^ Emanuelli A, Borroni AP, Apel-Sarid L, Shah PA, Ayyathan DM, Koganti P, et al. (August 2017). "Smurf2-Mediated Stabilization of DNA Topoisomerase IIα Controls Genomic Integrity". Cancer Research. 77 (16): 4217–4227. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2828. PMID 28611047.
- ^ Tsai SC, Valkov N, Yang WM, Gump J, Sullivan D, Seto E (November 2000). "Histone deacetylase interacts directly with DNA topoisomerase II". Nature Genetics. 26 (3): 349–353. doi:10.1038/81671. PMID 11062478. S2CID 19301396.
- ^ Johnson CA, Padget K, Austin CA, Turner BM (February 2001). "Deacetylase activity associates with topoisomerase II and is necessary for etoposide-induced apoptosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (7): 4539–4542. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000824200. PMID 11136718.
- ^ Ajuh P, Kuster B, Panov K, Zomerdijk JC, Mann M, Lamond AI (December 2000). "Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry". The EMBO Journal. 19 (23): 6569–6581. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.23.6569. PMC 305846. PMID 11101529.
- ^ Mao Y, Desai SD, Liu LF (August 2000). "SUMO-1 conjugation to human DNA topoisomerase II isozymes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (34): 26066–26073. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001831200. PMID 10862613.
- ^ Cowell IG, Okorokov AL, Cutts SA, Padget K, Bell M, Milner J, Austin CA (February 2000). "Human topoisomerase IIalpha and IIbeta interact with the C-terminal region of p53". Experimental Cell Research. 255 (1): 86–94. doi:10.1006/excr.1999.4772. PMID 10666337.
- ^ Broderick, Ronan; Niedzwiedz, Wojciech (2015-08-12). "Sister chromatid decatenation: bridging the gaps in our knowledge". Cell Cycle. 14 (19): 3040–3044. doi:10.1080/15384101.2015.1078039. ISSN 1538-4101. PMC 4825568. PMID 26266709.
- ^ Wang JC (1996). "DNA topoisomerases". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 65 (1). Annual Reviews: 635–692. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.003223. PMID 8811192.
Further reading
- Watt PM, Hickson ID (November 1994). "Structure and function of type II DNA topoisomerases". The Biochemical Journal. 303 (Pt 3): 681–695. doi:10.1042/bj3030681. PMC 1137600. PMID 7980433.
- Bronner C, Hopfner R, Mousli M (2002). "Transcriptional regulation of the human topoisomerase IIalpha gene". Anticancer Research. 22 (2A): 605–612. PMID 12014628.
- Järvinen TA, Liu ET (December 2003). "Topoisomerase IIalpha gene (TOP2A) amplification and deletion in cancer--more common than anticipated". Cytopathology. 14 (6): 309–313. doi:10.1046/j.0956-5507.2003.00105.x. PMID 14632727. S2CID 29586255.
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