Records of Irish heads of government since 1922
The Taoiseach (plural: Taoisigh) is the head of government of Ireland. Prior to the enactment of the Constitution of Ireland in 1937, the head of government was referred to as the President of the Executive Council. This office was first held by W. T. Cosgrave from 1922 to 1932, and then by Éamon de Valera from 1932 to 1937. By convention Taoisigh are numbered to include Cosgrave,[1][2][3][4] for example Micheál Martin is considered the 15th Taoiseach.
Electoral history
No. | Name | Born | First elected | Party | Constituency | Left Dáil | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 June 1880 | 10 August 1917[a] | Cumann na nGaedheal[b] |
| 30 May 1944 | |
2 | Éamon de Valera | 14 October 1882 | 10 July 1917[a] | Fianna Fáil[b] |
| 23 June 1959 | |
3 | John A. Costello | 20 June 1891 | 24 January 1933 | Fine Gael[c] |
| 18 June 1969 | |
4 | Seán Lemass | 12 July 1899 | 18 November 1924 | Fianna Fáil[b] |
| 18 June 1969 | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 15 August 1917 | 29 March 1948 | Fianna Fáil |
| 11 June 1981 | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 13 April 1920 | 29 March 1943 | Fine Gael |
| 11 June 1981 | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 16 September 1925 | 29 March 1957 | Fianna Fáil |
| 25 November 1992 | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 9 February 1926 | 18 June 1969 | Fine Gael | Dublin South-East | 25 November 1992 | |
9 | Albert Reynolds | 3 November 1932 | 16 June 1977 | Fianna Fáil |
| 17 May 2002 | |
10 | John Bruton | 18 May 1947 | 18 June 1969 | Fine Gael | Meath | 31 October 2004 | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | 12 September 1951 | 16 June 1977 | Fianna Fáil |
| 1 February 2011 | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 10 January 1960 | 14 June 1984 | Fianna Fáil | Laois–Offaly | 1 February 2011 | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 24 April 1951 | 12 November 1975 | Fine Gael |
| 14 January 2020 | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | 18 January 1979 | 24 May 2007 | Fine Gael | Dublin West | ||
15 | Micheál Martin | 1 August 1960 | 15 June 1989 | Fianna Fáil | Cork South-Central | ||
16 | Simon Harris | 17 October 1986 | 25 February 2011 | Fine Gael | Wicklow |
Periods in office
No. | Name | Entered office | Left office | Elected | Period | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 December 1922[d] | 9 March 1932 | 5 terms | – | Cumann na nGaedheal | |
2 | Éamon de Valera | 9 March 1932[e][f] | 18 February 1948 | 6 terms[g] | 1st time | Fianna Fáil | |
3 | John A. Costello | 18 February 1948 | 13 June 1951 | 1 term | 1st time | Fine Gael | |
(2) | Éamon de Valera | 13 June 1951 | 2 June 1954 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fianna Fáil | |
(3) | John A. Costello | 2 June 1954 | 20 March 1957 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fine Gael | |
(2) | Éamon de Valera | 20 March 1957 | 23 June 1959 | 1 term | 3rd time | Fianna Fáil | |
4 | Seán Lemass | 23 June 1959 | 10 November 1966 | 3 terms | – | Fianna Fáil | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 10 November 1966 | 14 March 1973 | 2 terms | 1st time | Fianna Fáil | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 14 March 1973 | 5 July 1977 | 1 term | – | Fine Gael | |
(5) | Jack Lynch | 5 July 1977 | 11 December 1979 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fianna Fáil | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 11 December 1979 | 30 June 1981 | 1 term | 1st time | Fianna Fáil | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 30 June 1981 | 9 March 1982 | 1 term | 1st time | Fine Gael | |
(7) | Charles Haughey | 9 March 1982 | 14 December 1982 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fianna Fáil | |
(8) | Garret FitzGerald | 14 December 1982 | 10 March 1987 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fine Gael | |
(7) | Charles Haughey | 10 March 1987 | 11 February 1992 | 2 terms | 3rd time | Fianna Fáil | |
9 | Albert Reynolds | 11 February 1992 | 15 December 1994 | 2 terms | – | Fianna Fáil | |
10 | John Bruton | 15 December 1994 | 26 June 1997 | 1 term | – | Fine Gael | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | 26 June 1997 | 7 May 2008 | 3 terms | – | Fianna Fáil | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 7 May 2008 | 9 March 2011 | 1 term | – | Fianna Fáil | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 9 March 2011 | 14 June 2017 | 2 terms | – | Fine Gael | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | 14 June 2017 | 27 June 2020 | 1 term | 1st time | Fine Gael | |
15 | Micheál Martin | 27 June 2020 | 17 December 2022 | 1 term | – | Fianna Fáil | |
(14) | Leo Varadkar | 17 December 2022 | 9 April 2024 | 1 term | 2nd time | Fine Gael | |
16 | Simon Harris | 9 April 2024 | Incumbent | 1 term | Fine Gael |
Cumulative days served
No. | Name | First entered office | Finally left office | Periods | Cumulative days[h] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Éamon de Valera | 9 March 1932[e] | 23 June 1959 | 3 | 7,735 (21 years, 2 months)[i][j] | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | 26 June 1997 | 7 May 2008 | 1 | 3,968 (10 years, 10 months) | |
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 December 1922 | 9 March 1932 | 1 | 3,381 (9 years, 3 months)[k] | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 10 November 1966 | 11 December 1979 | 2 | 3,205 (8 years, 9 months) | |
4 | Seán Lemass | 23 June 1959 | 10 November 1966 | 1 | 2,697 (7 years, 5 months) | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 11 December 1979 | 11 February 1992 | 3 | 2,646 (7 years, 3 months)[h] | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 9 March 2011 | 14 June 2017 | 1 | 2,289 (6 years, 3 months)[h] | |
3 | John A. Costello | 18 February 1948 | 20 March 1957 | 2 | 2,233 (6 years, 1 month) | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 30 June 1981 | 10 March 1987 | 2 | 1,799 (4 years, 11 months) | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | 14 June 2017 | 9 April 2024 | 2 | 1,589 (4 years, 4 months)[h] | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 14 March 1973 | 5 July 1977 | 1 | 1,574 (4 years, 4 months) | |
9 | Albert Reynolds | 11 February 1992 | 15 December 1994 | 1 | 1,038 (2 years, 10 months)[h] | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 7 May 2008 | 9 March 2011 | 1 | 1,036 (2 years, 10 months) | |
10 | John Bruton | 15 December 1994 | 26 June 1997 | 1 | 924 (2 years, 6 months) | |
15 | Micheál Martin | 27 June 2020 | 17 December 2022 | 1 | 904 (2 years, 5 months) | |
16 | Simon Harris | 9 April 2024 | Incumbent | 1 | 155 (5 months and 2 days) |
Length of individual periods
No. | Name | Entered office | Left office | Period No. | Period length | Length in days[h] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Éamon de Valera | 9 March 1932[e] | 18 February 1948 | 1 | 15 years, 11 months, 16 days | 5,824 | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | 26 June 1997 | 7 May 2008 | 1 | 10 years, 10 months, 11 days | 3,968 | |
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 December 1922 | 9 March 1932 | 1 | 9 years, 3 months, 4 days | 3,381[k] | |
4 | Seán Lemass | 23 June 1959 | 11 November 1966 | 1 | 7 years, 4 months, 17 days | 2,697 | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 11 November 1966 | 14 March 1973 | 1 | 6 years, 4 months, 4 days | 2,316 | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 9 March 2011 | 14 June 2017 | 1 | 6 years, 3 months, 5 days | 2,289[h] | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 10 March 1987 | 11 February 1992 | 3 | 4 years, 11 months, 1 day | 1,799[h] | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 14 March 1973 | 5 July 1977 | 1 | 4 years, 3 months, 22 days | 1,574 | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 14 December 1982 | 10 March 1987 | 2 | 4 years, 2 months, 27 days | 1,547 | |
3 | John A. Costello | 18 February 1948 | 13 June 1951 | 1 | 3 years, 3 months, 24 days | 1,211 | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | 14 June 2017 | 27 June 2020 | 1 | 3 years and 13 days | 1,109[h] | |
Éamon de Valera | 13 June 1951 | 2 June 1954 | 2 | 2 years, 11 months, 19 days | 1,085 | ||
9 | Albert Reynolds | 11 February 1992 | 15 December 1994 | 1 | 2 years, 10 months, 4 days | 1,038[h] | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 7 May 2008 | 9 March 2011 | 1 | 2 years, 10 months, 2 days | 1,036 | |
John A. Costello | 2 June 1954 | 20 March 1957 | 2 | 2 years, 9 months, 18 days | 1,022 | ||
10 | John Bruton | 15 December 1994 | 26 June 1997 | 1 | 2 years, 6 months, 11 days | 924 | |
15 | Micheál Martin | 27 June 2020 | 17 December 2022 | 1 | 2 years, 5 months and 21 days | 904 | |
Jack Lynch | 5 July 1977 | 11 December 1979 | 2 | 2 years, 5 months, 6 days | 889 | ||
Éamon de Valera | 20 March 1957 | 23 June 1959 | 3 | 2 years, 3 months, 3 days | 825 | ||
Charles Haughey | 11 December 1979 | 30 June 1981 | 1 | 1 year, 6 months, 19 days | 567 | ||
Leo Varadkar | 17 December 2022 | 9 April 2024 | 2 | 1 year, 3 months and 23 days | 479 | ||
Charles Haughey | 9 March 1982 | 14 December 1982 | 2 | 9 months, 5 days | 280 | ||
Garret FitzGerald | 30 June 1981 | 9 March 1982 | 1 | 8 months, 9 days | 252 | ||
16 | Simon Harris | 9 April 2024 | Incumbent | 1 | 5 months and 2 days | 155 |
Longevity
No. | Name | Born | Died | Age as of 11 September 2024 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 13 April 1920 | 4 October 2017 | 97 years, 174 days | |
2 | Éamon de Valera | 14 October 1882 | 29 August 1975 | 92 years, 319 days | |
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 June 1880 | 16 November 1965 | 85 years, 163 days | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 9 February 1926 | 19 May 2011 | 85 years, 99 days | |
3 | John A. Costello | 20 June 1891 | 5 January 1976 | 84 years, 199 days | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 15 August 1917 | 20 October 1999 | 82 years, 66 days | |
9 | Albert Reynolds | 3 November 1932 | 21 August 2014 | 81 years, 291 days | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 16 September 1925 | 13 June 2006 | 80 years, 270 days | |
10 | John Bruton | 18 May 1947 | 6 February 2024 | 76 years, 264 days | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 24 April 1951 | 73 years, 140 days | ||
11 | Bertie Ahern | 12 September 1951 | 72 years, 365 days | ||
4 | Seán Lemass | 12 July 1899 | 11 May 1971 | 71 years, 303 days | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 10 January 1960 | 64 years, 245 days | ||
15 | Micheál Martin | 1 August 1960 | 64 years, 41 days | ||
14 | Leo Varadkar | 18 January 1979 | 45 years, 237 days | ||
16 | Simon Harris | 17 October 1986 | 37 years, 330 days |
Age on entering/leaving office
No. | Name | Born | Entered office | Age | Left office | Age | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16 | Simon Harris | 17 October 1986 | 9 April 2024 | 37 years, 7 months[l] | Incumbent | – | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | 18 January 1979 | 14 June 2017 | 38 years, 4 months | 9 April 2024 | 45 years, 2 months | |
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | 6 June 1880 | 6 December 1922[m] | 42 years, 6 months[m] | 9 March 1932 | 51 years, 9 months | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | 12 September 1951 | 26 June 1997 | 45 years, 9 months | 7 May 2008 | 56 years, 7 months | |
10 | John Bruton | 18 May 1947 | 15 December 1994 | 47 years, 6 months | 26 June 1997 | 50 years, 1 month | |
12 | Brian Cowen | 10 January 1960 | 7 May 2008 | 48 years, 3 months | 9 March 2011 | 51 years, 1 month | |
5 | Jack Lynch | 15 August 1917 | 10 November 1966 | 49 years, 2 months | 11 December 1979 | 62 years, 3 months | |
2 | Éamon de Valera | 14 October 1882 | 9 March 1932[e] | 49 years, 4 months[n] | 23 June 1959 | 76 years, 8 months | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | 13 April 1920 | 14 March 1973 | 52 years, 11 months | 5 July 1977 | 57 years, 2 months | |
7 | Charles Haughey | 16 September 1925 | 11 December 1979 | 54 years, 2 months | 11 February 1992 | 66 years, 4 months | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | 9 February 1926 | 30 June 1981 | 55 years, 4 months | 10 March 1987 | 61 years, 1 month | |
3 | John A. Costello | 20 June 1891 | 18 February 1948 | 56 years, 7 months | 20 March 1957 | 65 years, 9 months | |
9 | Albert Reynolds | 3 November 1932 | 11 February 1992 | 59 years, 3 months | 15 December 1994 | 62 years, 1 month | |
13 | Enda Kenny | 24 April 1951 | 9 March 2011 | 59 years, 10 months | 14 June 2017 | 66 years, 1 month | |
15 | Micheál Martin | 1 August 1960 | 27 June 2020 | 59 years, 10 months | 17 December 2022 | 62 years, 4 months | |
4 | Seán Lemass | 12 July 1899 | 23 June 1959 | 59 years, 11 months | 10 November 1966 | 67 years, 3 months |
Cabinet positions
Listed here are cabinet positions held either before or during holding the office of Taoiseach or President of the Executive Council.
No. | Name | Before or after position of Taoiseach | While Taoiseach | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | W. T. Cosgrave | Minister for Local Government (1919–1922) Minister for Finance (1922–1923) Chairman of the Provisional Government (1922) President of Dáil Éireann (1922) | Minister for Finance (1922–1923) Minister for Defence (1924)[o] Minister for External Affairs (1927)[o] | |
2 | Éamon de Valera | President of Dáil Éireann (1919–1922) | Minister for External Affairs (1932–1948) Minister for Education (1939–1940)[o] Minister for Local Government and Public Health (1941)[o] | |
3 | John A. Costello | Attorney General (1926–1932) | Minister for Health (1951)[o] | |
4 | Seán Lemass | Minister for Industry and Commerce (1932–1939, 1941–1948, 1951–1954, 1957–1959) Minister for Supplies (1939–1945) Tánaiste (1945–1948, 1951–1954, 1957–1959) | Minister for Justice (1964)[o] | |
5 | Jack Lynch | Minister for the Gaeltacht (1957) Minister for Education (1957–1959) Minister for Industry and Commerce (1959–1965) Minister for Finance 1965–1966) | Minister for Education (1968) | |
6 | Liam Cosgrave | Minister for External Affairs (1954–1957) | Minister for Defence (1976)[o] | |
7 | Charles Haughey | Minister for Justice (1961–1964) Minister for Agriculture (1964–1966) Minister for Finance (1966–1970) Minister for Health (1977–1979) Minister for Social Welfare (1977–1979) | Minister for Education (1982)[o] Minister for the Gaeltacht (1987–1992) Minister for Defence (1990–1991)[o] | |
8 | Garret FitzGerald | Minister for Foreign Affairs (1973–1977) | Minister for Trade, Commerce and Tourism (1983)[o] | |
9. | Albert Reynolds | Minister for Posts and Telegraphs (1979–1981) Minister for Transport 1980–1981) Minister for Industry and Energy (1982) Minister for Industry and Commerce (1987–1988) Minister for Finance (1988–1991) | Minister for Energy (1992–1993)[o] | |
10 | John Bruton | Minister for Finance (1981–1982, 1986–1987) Minister for Industry and Energy (1982–1983) Minister for Industry, Trade, Commerce and Tourism (1983–1986) Minister for the Public Service (1987) | Minister for Transport, Energy and Communications (1996)[o] | |
11 | Bertie Ahern | Minister for Labour (1987–1991) Minister for Finance (1991–1994) Minister for Industry and Commerce (1993)[o] Tánaiste (1994) Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht (1994) | ||
12 | Brian Cowen | Minister for Labour (1992–1993) Minister for Transport, Energy and Communications (1993–1994) Minister for Health and Children (1997–2000) Minister for Foreign Affairs (2000–2004) Minister for Finance (2004–2008) Tánaiste (2007–2008) | Minister for Foreign Affairs (2011)[o] | |
13 | Enda Kenny | Minister for Tourism and Trade (1994–1997) | Minister for Defence (2014)[o] Minister for Defence (2016–2017) | |
14 | Leo Varadkar | Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport (2011–2014) Minister for Health (2014–2016) Minister for Social Protection (2016–2017) Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment(2020–2022) Tánaiste (2020–2022) | Minister for Defence (2017–2020) | |
15 | Micheál Martin | Minister for Education and Science (1997–2000) Minister for Health and Children (2000–2004) Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment (2004–2008) Minister for Foreign Affairs (2008–2011) Minister for Foreign Affairs (2022–present) Minister for Defence(2022–present) Tánaiste (2022–present) | Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (July 2020 and Aug. 2020)[o] | |
16 | Simon Harris | Minister for Health (2016–2020) Minister for Justice (2022–2023) Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (2020–2024) |
Education
Living officeholders
There are currently five living former Taoisigh:
Taoiseach | Term of office | Date of birth |
---|---|---|
Bertie Ahern | 1997–2008 | (1951-09-12) 12 September 1951 (age 72) |
Brian Cowen | 2008–2011 | (1960-01-10) 10 January 1960 (age 64) |
Enda Kenny | 2011–2017 | (1951-04-24) 24 April 1951 (age 73) |
Micheál Martin | 2020–2022 | (1960-08-01) 1 August 1960 (age 64) |
Leo Varadkar |
| (1979-01-18) 18 January 1979 (age 45) |
Timeline of living/deceased officeholders
Date | Living | Deceased | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
9 April 2024 | 6 | 10 | Simon Harris accedes |
6 February 2024 | 5 | 10 | John Bruton dies |
27 June 2020 | 6 | 9 | Micheál Martin accedes |
4 October 2017 | 5 | 9 | Liam Cosgrave dies |
14 June 2017 | 6 | 8 | Leo Varadkar accedes |
21 August 2014 | 5 | 8 | Albert Reynolds dies |
19 May 2011 | 6 | 7 | Garret FitzGerald dies |
9 March 2011 | 7 | 6 | Enda Kenny accedes |
7 May 2008 | 6 | 6 | Brian Cowen accedes |
13 June 2006 | 5 | 6 | Charles Haughey dies |
20 October 1999 | 6 | 5 | Jack Lynch dies |
26 June 1997 | 7 | 4 | Bertie Ahern accedes |
15 December 1994 | 6 | 4 | John Bruton accedes |
11 February 1992 | 5 | 4 | Albert Reynolds accedes |
30 June 1981 | 4 | 4 | Garret FitzGerald accedes |
11 December 1979 | 3 | 4 | Charles Haughey accedes |
6 January 1976 | 2 | 4 | John A. Costello dies |
29 August 1975 | 3 | 3 | Éamon de Valera dies |
14 March 1973 | 4 | 2 | Liam Cosgrave accedes |
16 May 1971 | 3 | 2 | Seán Lemass dies |
10 November 1966 | 4 | 1 | Jack Lynch accedes |
11 May 1965 | 3 | 1 | W. T. Cosgrave dies |
23 June 1959 | 4 | 0 | Seán Lemass accedes |
18 February 1948 | 3 | 0 | John A. Costello accedes |
9 March 1932 | 2 | 0 | Éamon de Valera accedes |
6 December 1922 | 1 | 0 | W. T. Cosgrave accedes |
See also
- History of the Republic of Ireland
- Irish heads of government since 1919
- Politics of the Republic of Ireland
- Records of members of the Oireachtas
Notes
- ^ a b First elected to the British House of Commons in 1917 but did not take his seat.
- ^ a b c First elected as member of Sinn Féin.
- ^ First elected as a Cumann na nGaedheal Teachta Dála.
- ^ Cosgrave also headed the Irish Government from 22 August 1922, during the transitional period before the state became officially independent on 6 December 1922 (See Irish heads of government since 1919).
- ^ a b c d De Valera became Taoiseach on 29 December 1937 under the Constitution of Ireland.
- ^ De Valera also headed the pre-independence revolutionary Irish Government from 1 April 1919 to 9 January 1922 (See Irish heads of government since 1919).
- ^ De Valera also served 3 terms as President of the Executive Council.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Days shown include five periods when a Taoiseach resigned but continued as Acting Taoiseach, as required by the Article 28.11.1 of the Constitution. These periods are 13 days for Charles Haughey (from 29 June to 12 July 1989), 57 days for Albert Reynolds (29 days from 14 December 1992 to 12 January 1993, and 28 days from 17 November to 15 December 1994), 57 days for Enda Kenny (from 10 March to 6 May 2016), and 128 days for Leo Varadkar from 20 February to 27 June 2020.[5]
- ^ De Valera served as Taoiseach for 5,613 days (15 years, 4 months).
- ^ De Valera also led the pre-independence revolutionary Ministry of Dáil Éireann from 1 April 1919 to 9 January 1922 (See Irish heads of government since 1919). Including these 1,015 extra days would raise his cumulative days served to 8,750 days (23 years, 11 months, 16 days).
- ^ a b Cosgrave also led the Provisional Government from 22 August 1922, during the transitional period before the state became independent on 6 December 1922 (See Irish heads of government since 1919). Including these 106 extra days would raise his cumulative days served to 3,487 days (9 years, 6 months, 19 days).
- ^ Three leaders entered office when younger than Harris, during or after the 1916 Easter Rising, but before British rule officially ended, and the Irish Free State came into existence on 6 December 1922. The youngest was Michael Collins, aged 31 years, 3 months when he became Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State on 16 January 1922. Éamon de Valera was aged 36 years, 5 months when he became President of Dáil Éireann on 1 April 1919. Patrick Pearse was also aged 36 years, 5 months when he became President of the Irish Republic proclaimed on Easter Monday, 24 April 1916. (See Irish heads of government since 1919 and Easter Rising).
- ^ a b Cosgrave entered office as Chairman of the Provisional Government on 22 August 1922, when aged 42 years, 2 months. The age given in the table is his age when the Irish Free State was established on 6 December 1922 and he was appointed as President of the Executive Council. (See Irish heads of government since 1919).
- ^ De Valera also headed the pre-independence revolutionary Irish Government from 1 April 1919 to 9 January 1922, thus entering the office of President of Dáil Éireann when aged 36 years, 5 months (he was aged 38 years, 10 months when the office was renamed President of the Irish Republic on 26 August 1921). The table shows his age when he became President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State on 9 March 1932. Under the new 1937 Constitution, his title changed to Taoiseach on 29 December 1937, when he was aged 55 years, 2 months. (See also Irish heads of government since 1919 and Éamon de Valera).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Held between the resignation or death of a member of the cabinet and the appointment of another member to the position.
References
- ^ "Coughlan new Tánaiste in Cowen Cabinet". The Irish Times. 7 May 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2008.
- ^ "Taoiseach reveals new front bench". RTÉ News. 7 May 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2008.
- ^ "Cowen confirmed as Taoiseach". BreakingNews.ie. 7 May 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2008.
- ^ "Former Taoisigh". Department of the Taoiseach. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
- ^ Oireachtas Library and Research Service (28 June 2016). "Caretaker governments and caretaker conventions" (PDF). Houses of the Oireachtas. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
(Page 2) … Article 28.11.1 … (Page 4) … Box 1. Irish Caretaker Governments … 2016 … 1994 … 1992 … 1989
External links
- Official website of the Taoiseach