Les Sables-d'Olonne
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Les Sables-d'Olonne (French pronunciation: [le sabl dɔlɔn] ⓘ; French meaning: "The Sands of Olonne"; Poitevin: Lés Sablles d'Oloune) is a seaside resort and port on the Atlantic coast of western France. A subprefecture of the department of Vendée, Pays de la Loire, it has the administrative level of commune. On 1 January 2019, the municipalities of Olonne-sur-Mer, Château-d'Olonne and Les Sables-d'Olonne merged, retaining the latter name.[3]
Location and geography
Les Sables-d'Olonne is a seaside town in western France, on the Atlantic Ocean. It is situated on the coast between La Rochelle and Saint-Nazaire, near the coastal terminus of the A87 that connects it and nearby communities to La Roche-sur-Yon, Cholet, and Angers to the northeast. The nearest major metropolitan center of France, to Les Sables-d'Olonne, is Nantes, to the north (approximately 105 km, by road).[4] Les Sables-d'Olonne station has rail connections to Paris, La Roche-sur-Yon and Nantes.
It is at the level of administrative division in the French Republic of a commune and is a sub-prefecture of the Department of Vendée.[5][6]
Climate
Les Sables-d'Olonne has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) closely bordering on a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb). The average annual temperature in Les Sables-d'Olonne is 13.2 °C (55.8 °F). The average annual rainfall is 746.7 mm (29.40 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 19.8 °C (67.6 °F), and lowest in January, at around 7.0 °C (44.6 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Les Sables-d'Olonne was 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) on 18 July 2022; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −8.3 °C (17.1 °F) on 12 February 2012.
Climate data for Les Sables-d'Olonne (Château-d'Olonne,[7] 1991−2020 normals, extremes 2004−present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 14.8 (58.6) | 19.8 (67.6) | 24.0 (75.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 29.7 (85.5) | 39.0 (102.2) | 40.5 (104.9) | 36.1 (97.0) | 33.6 (92.5) | 27.7 (81.9) | 21.1 (70.0) | 16.2 (61.2) | 40.5 (104.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) | 10.2 (50.4) | 12.7 (54.9) | 16.0 (60.8) | 18.7 (65.7) | 22.2 (72.0) | 23.8 (74.8) | 23.4 (74.1) | 22.0 (71.6) | 18.1 (64.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 10.6 (51.1) | 16.8 (62.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 9.2 (48.6) | 12.0 (53.6) | 14.8 (58.6) | 18.2 (64.8) | 19.8 (67.6) | 19.3 (66.7) | 17.6 (63.7) | 14.6 (58.3) | 10.7 (51.3) | 7.8 (46.0) | 13.2 (55.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) | 4.1 (39.4) | 5.7 (42.3) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.9 (51.6) | 14.1 (57.4) | 15.8 (60.4) | 15.3 (59.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 7.8 (46.0) | 4.9 (40.8) | 9.6 (49.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −7.7 (18.1) | −8.3 (17.1) | −7.3 (18.9) | −0.6 (30.9) | 2.1 (35.8) | 6.0 (42.8) | 9.0 (48.2) | 7.6 (45.7) | 5.2 (41.4) | 0.5 (32.9) | −3.6 (25.5) | −5.4 (22.3) | −8.3 (17.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 86.5 (3.41) | 62.1 (2.44) | 62.0 (2.44) | 52.0 (2.05) | 48.8 (1.92) | 38.4 (1.51) | 33.8 (1.33) | 46.4 (1.83) | 50.8 (2.00) | 80.7 (3.18) | 100.7 (3.96) | 84.5 (3.33) | 746.7 (29.40) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13.9 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 11.1 | 13.1 | 12.8 | 116.4 |
Source: Météo-France[8] |
History
Les Sables-d'Olonne (pronounced [le sabl dolɔn]) is French for "the sands of Olonne". It was founded in 1218 from Havre d'Olonne by Savary I de Mauléon, the Lord of Mauléon, Sénéchal of Poitou and prince of Talmont.[citation needed] Its history is tied to the ocean for which it has served as a port and point of maritime commerce.[citation needed] Louis XI separated Les Sables d'Olonne from the town of Olonne in 1472.[citation needed] It became the largest cod-fishing port in France, with 14,000 inhabitants, in the 17th century.[citation needed] During the French Revolution, unlike the surrounding Vendée, the city supported the Republic, and so was often besieged—unsuccessfully, because of its port.[citation needed] The current local tourism industry traces its roots to bathing establishments, first begun in 1825. Rail service reached Les Sables on 29 December 1866, via the line from La Roche-sur-Yon, Bressuire, Saumur, and Tours;[citation needed] express service to and from Paris would arrive in 1971.[citation needed] The city's port served as a base port for American Expeditionary Forces during World War I.[9] Germany occupied Les Sables d'Olonne during World War II[citation needed] and, upon evacuation of that army at war's end, the German army made an effort to destroy the port, and mined the harbor.[citation needed]
Population
The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Les Sables-d'Olonne proper, in its geography at the given years. The populations of Olonne-sur-Mer and Château-d'Olonne, absorbed in 2019, are not included.
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Source: EHESS[10] and INSEE (2007-2017)[11][12] |
Interests and events
The Vendée Globe yacht race, which takes place every four years, starts and ends at Les Sables-d'Olonne.[citation needed]
The Vendée Air Show has been held on the beach "La Grande Plage" on three occasions, first in 2017, then in 2019, and most recently in 2022.[13]
The Musée de l'Abbaye Sainte-Croix is a municipal museum situated in a 17th-century building that is devoted to modern and contemporary art, and that has "Musée de France" status.[citation needed] It includes works of Gaston Chaissac (1910–1964) and Victor Brauner (1903–1966).[citation needed][why?]
Les Sables-d'Olonne is the setting for 1948 novel Les Vacances de Maigret [fr], by Georges Simenon.[citation needed]
The town is the birthplace of pirate François l'Olonnais.[citation needed][why?]
Twin towns – sister cities
Les Sables-d'Olonne is twinned with:[14]
Gallery
- The channel, view from the tower St-Clair
- The channel, from the west dock
- Promenade de l'Amiral Lafargue
- The priory St-Nicolas
- The tower St-Clair
See also
References
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ Arrêté préfectoral 17 August 2018 (in French)
- ^ "Distances, directions, consommation et prix de carburant, les péages, limites de vitesse, France et l'Europe".
- ^ "La sous-préfecture des Sables d'Olonne". 29 April 2021.
- ^ Commune des Sables-d'Olonne (85194), INSEE.
- ^ Meteo-France Weather Station
- ^ "Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records" (PDF) (in French). Météo-France. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
- ^ Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War, American Expeditionary Forces: General Headquarters Armies, Army Corps Services of Supply Separate Forces, Volume I (PDF). Center of Military History, United States Army. 1937. p. 55. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
- ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Les Sables-d'Olonne, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Populations légales 2012, INSEE
- ^ Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2017, INSEE
- ^ "Vendée Air Show - Meeting aérien - Les Sables d'Olonne-". VendeeAirShow (in French). Retrieved 2024-03-19.
- ^ "Jumelages". lessablesdolonne.fr (in French). Les Sables-d'Olonne. Retrieved 2021-03-14.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website (in French)
- Les Sables-d'Olonne, Vendee Globe Race (in English)
- Les Sables-d'Olonne Tourist Board (in French)
- v
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- Saint-Denis-du-Payré
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- Saint-Jean-de-Beugné
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- Saint-Julien-des-Landes
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- Saint-Martin-de-Fraigneau
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- Vix
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- Vouvant
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- pref: prefecture
- subpr: subprefecture