Judeo-Manado Malay
Jewish language
| Judeo-Manado Malay | |
|---|---|
| Yahudi-Melayu Manado | |
 An sentence example of a Judeo-Manado Malay that means 'we are the children of the Hebrews' | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | North Sulawesi |
| Ethnicity | Indonesian Jews |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
Language family | Malay-based creole
|
Writing system | Hebrew |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Judeo-Manado Malay is a Manado Malay language spoken by a small community of Indonesian Jews in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Based on Manado Malay grammar with a standard Jewish accent, as well as influences from languages such as Dutch, Portuguese, Minahasan, even Spanish and Hebrew.[1]
If they still exist, they are probably only in the form of basic vocabulary in their religious prayers and toponymy in their family names.[2]
History
The history of the presence of Jews in Indonesia began with the arrival of the first European explorers and settlers, and the first Jews arrived here in the 17th century.[3] Most Indonesian Jews come from Southern Europe, England, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Middle East, North Africa, India, China, and Latin America. Jews in Indonesia today constitute a very small Jewish community, around 500–1,000 people, from a low of around 20 people in 1997.[4]
Presently, most Indonesian Jews live in Manado on the island of Sulawesi, where they assimilated into the Christian Minahasan people.[5] With evidence of their existence found through their worship, and sometimes their Jewish vocabulary in worship.[6]
Usage
Traces of its use are very few, but some evidence that can be taken are the their family names, such as Menashe, Cohen, Baruch, Mussry, Abraham, Rijkers, and others.[2] Also the names of their places of worship, such as Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue in Tondano, near Manado.[7]
Most likely extinct due to assimilation, as well as fear of threats to their safety from the Indonesian population, which is mainly Muslims. This is especially related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict which has been going on since 1948.[8][9]
See also
References
- ^ Pretince, Jack (1994). Manado Malay: Product and agent of language change. New York: De Gruyter Mouton. doi:10.1515/9783110883091.411.
- ^ a b Aryani, Sekar Ayu (2022). "Dialectic of Religion and National Identity in North Sulawesi Jewish Communities in The Perspective of Cross-Cultural and Religious Psychology". Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: UIN Sunan Kalijaga. doi:10.14421/ajis.2022.601.199-226.
- ^ Klemperer-Markman, Ayala. "The Jewish Community of Indonesia". The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
- ^ Fishkoff, Sue (August 15, 2024). "South Bay rabbi delivers fourth Torah scroll to Indonesia's Jewish communities". www.jweekly.com.
- ^ Menashe, Yonatan. "The Lost Jews of Manado". kulanu.org. Retrieved 2024-09-12.
- ^ Brieger, Peter; Buol, Ronny (5 March 2019). "On remote island in Muslim-majority Indonesia, Jewish community lives in shadows". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
- ^ Hussain, Zakir (February 18, 2013). "Indonesia's Only Synagogue Struggles to Find Wider Acceptance". Straits Times. Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
- ^ Haime, Jordyn (2023-11-29). "Despite unrest in Indonesia, a Jewish community finds peace among other faith groups". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-21.
- ^ "Jews in Indonesia hide in 'religious closet' as anti-Israel sentiment flares". South China Morning Post. 2023-11-14. Retrieved 2024-08-21.
- v
- t
- e
| Hebrew |
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Judaeo-Aramaic | |||||
| Judaeo-Arabic | |||||
| Others |
| Germanic |
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Judaeo-Romance | |||||
| Judaeo-Iranian | |||||
| Others |
Italics indicate extinct languages
