Species of bird
| Biak monarch |
 |
Conservation status |
 Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)[1] |
Scientific classification  |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Monarchidae |
| Genus: | Symposiachrus |
| Species: | S. brehmii |
| Binomial name |
Symposiachrus brehmii
(Schlegel, 1871) |
| Synonyms |
- Monarcha brehmii
- Symposiarchus brehmii
|
The Biak monarch (Symposiachrus brehmii), or Biak monarch flycatcher, is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to Biak Island, Indonesia.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss; the Biak monarch's habitat is affected by clearing forests for agricultural use and by logging. There are an estimated 2,500 to 9,999 adult birds of the species. If juvenile birds are included, the population may be between 3,500 and 15,000 individuals. Its population is decreasing.[2] It is sometimes found in mixed flocks of small insectivores.[3]
Taxonomy and systematics
This species was originally placed in the genus Monarcha until moved to Symposiachrus in 2009.[4]
Description
Biak monarchs measure 17 centimeters. Its heads, wings, throat, and central tail feathers are dark brown or black; its outer tail feathers, belly, breast, and rump are white. It also has a white patch on its wing. Some of the coloring may differ based on sex or age.[5]
References
- ^ BirdLife International (2022). "Symposiachrus brehmii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T22707307A217673972. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Symposiachrus brehmii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22707307A94116398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22707307A94116398.en.
- ^ Bishop, K. David; van Balen, Sebastianus (Bas) (2023-03-06). "The avifauna of Biak Island, Papua, Indonesia with comments on status, conservation, natural history and taxonomy". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 143 (1). doi:10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a2. ISSN 0007-1595.
- ^ "IOC Bird List v2.0". 2009. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Symposiachrus brehmii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22707307A94116398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22707307A94116398.en.
External links
- BirdLife Species Factsheet.
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Subfamily Terpsiphoninae |
|---|
| Hypothymis | - Black-naped monarch (H. azurea)
- Pale-blue monarch (H. puella)
- Short-crested monarch (H. helenae)
- Celestial monarch (H. coelestis)
|
|---|
| Trochocercus | - Blue-mantled crested flycatcher (T. cyanomelas)
- Blue-headed crested flycatcher (T. nitens)
|
|---|
Terpsiphone
(Paradise flycatchers) | - Bedford's paradise flycatcher (T. bedfordi)
- Rufous-vented paradise flycatcher (T. rufocinerea)
- Red-bellied paradise flycatcher (T. rufiventer)
- Annobón paradise flycatcher (T. smithii)
- Bates's paradise flycatcher (T. batesi)
- African paradise flycatcher (T. viridis)
- Indian paradise flycatcher (T. paradisi)
- Blyth's paradise flycatcher (T. affinis)
- Amur paradise flycatcher (T. incei)
- Japanese paradise flycatcher (T. atrocaudata)
- Blue paradise flycatcher (T. cyanescens)
- Rufous paradise flycatcher (T. cinnamomea)
- São Tomé paradise flycatcher (T. atrochalybeia)
- Malagasy paradise flycatcher (T. mutata)
- Seychelles paradise flycatcher (T. corvina)
- Mascarene paradise flycatcher (T. bourbonnensis)
|
|---|
|
|
Subfamily Monarchinae |
|---|
Chasiempis
(‘Elepaios) | - Kauaʻi ʻelepaio (C. sclateri)
- O'ahu ʻelepaio (C. ibidis)
- Hawaiʻi ʻelepaio (C. sandwichensis)
|
|---|
| Pomarea | - Rarotonga monarch (P. dimidiata)
- Tahiti monarch (P. nigra)
- Marquesan monarch (P. mendozae)
- Ua Pou monarch (P. mira)
- Iphis monarch (P. iphis)
- Fatu Hiva monarch (P. whitneyi)
|
|---|
| Mayrornis | - Vanikoro monarch (M. schistaceus)
- Ogea monarch (M. versicolor)
- Slaty monarch (M. lessoni)
|
|---|
| Neolalage | - Buff-bellied monarch (N. banksiana)
|
|---|
Clytorhychus
(Shrikebills) | - Southern shrikebill (C. pachycephaloides)
- Fiji shrikebill (C. vitiensis)
- Black-throated shrikebill (C. nigrogularis)
- Santa Cruz shrikebill (C. sanctaecrucis)
- Rennell shrikebill (C. hamlini)
|
|---|
| Metabolus | - Chuuk monarch (M. rugensis)
|
|---|
| Symposiachrus | - Black monarch (S. axillaris)
- Spot-winged monarch (S. guttula)
- Black-bibbed monarch (S. mundus)
- Flores monarch (S. sacerdotum)
- Boano monarch (S. boanensis)
- Louisiade monarch (S. melanopterus)
- Spectacled monarch (S. trivirgatus)
- Moluccan monarch (S. bimaculatus)
- Kai monarch (S. leucurus)
- Tanahjampea monarch (S. everetti)
- Buru monarch (S. loricatus)
- Kofiau monarch (S. julianae)
- Biak monarch (S. brehmii)
- Hooded monarch (S. manadensis)
- Manus monarch (S. infelix)
- Mussau monarch (S. menckei)
- Black-tailed monarch (S. verticalis)
- Solomons monarch (S. barbatus)
- Kolombangara monarch (S. browni)
- White-collared monarch (S. vidua)
|
|---|
| Monarcha | - Rufous monarch (M. rubiensis)
- Island monarch (M. cinerascens)
- Black-faced monarch (M. melanopsis)
- Black-winged monarch (M. frater)
- Bougainville monarch (M. erythrostictus)
- Chestnut-bellied monarch (M. castaneiventris)
- White-capped monarch (M. richardsii)
- Yap monarch (M. godeffroyi)
- Tinian monarch (M. takatsukasae)
|
|---|
| Carterornis | - White-eared monarch (C. leucotis)
- White-naped monarch (C. pileatus)
- Golden monarch (C. chrysomela)
|
|---|
| Arses | - Ochre-collared monarch (A. insularis)
- Frilled monarch (A. telescopthalmus)
- Frill-necked monarch (A. lorealis)
- Pied monarch (A. kaupi)
|
|---|
| Grallina | - Magpie-lark (G. cyanoleuca)
- Torrent-lark (G. bruijni)
|
|---|
| Myiagra | - Oceanic flycatcher (M. oceanica)
- Palau flycatcher (M. erythrops)
- Pohnpei flycatcher (M. pluto)
- Moluccan flycatcher (M. galeata)
- Biak black flycatcher (M. atra)
- Leaden flycatcher (M. rubecula)
- Steel-blue flycatcher (M. ferrocyanea)
- Makira flycatcher (M. cervinicauda)
- Melanesian flycatcher (M. caledonica)
- Vanikoro flycatcher (M. vanikorensis)
- Samoan flycatcher (M. albiventris)
- Azure-crested flycatcher (M. azureocapilla)
- Chestnut-throated flycatcher (M. castaneigularis)
- Broad-billed flycatcher (M. ruficollis)
- Satin flycatcher (M. cyanoleuca)
- Shining flycatcher (M. alecto)
- Velvet flycatcher (M. hebetior)
- Paperbark flycatcher (M. nana)
- Restless flycatcher (M. inquieta)
|
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Taxon identifiers |
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| Symposiachrus brehmii | |
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| Monarcha brehmii | |
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