ATM (computer)
![]() ATM Turbo 2+ motherboard | |
Also known as | АТМ-ТУРБО |
---|---|
Developer | MicroArt and ATM; NedoPC |
Type | Home computer |
Release date | 1991; 33 years ago (1991) |
Operating system | ATM Turbo 1: Sinclair BASIC, TR-DOS, CP/M ATM Turbo 2+: iS-DOS/TASiS, DNA OS, Mr Gluk Reset Service |
CPU | Zilog Z80 @ 3.5 and 7 MHz; 14 MHz (ZX Evolution) |
Memory | 128 to 512 KB (ATM Turbo 1); 128 to 1024 KB (ATM Turbo 2+); 4MB RAM (ZX Evolution) |
Storage | Floppy disk, IDE devices (ATM Turbo 2) |
Removable storage | SD card (ZX Evolution) |
Display | SECAM TV, EGA monitor, VGA monitor (ZX Evolution) |
Graphics | 256x192, 320x200, 640x200 |
Sound | Beeper (1-bit); AY-3-8910; Covox |
Backward compatibility | ZX Spectrum |
Related | Pentagon (computer) |
The ATM Turbo (ru: "АТМ-ТУРБО"), also known simply as ATM (from ru: "Ассоциация Творческой Молодёжи", meaning "Association of Creative Youth") is a ZX Spectrum clone, developed in Moscow in 1991,[1] by two firms, MicroArt[2] and ATM.
It offers enhanced characteristics, compared to the original Spectrum, such as a Z80 at 7 MHz, 1024 kB RAM, 128 kB ROM, AY-8910 (two chips in upgraded models), 8-bit DAC, 8-bit 8-channel ADC, RS-232, parallel port, Beta Disk Interface, IDE interface, AT/XT keyboard, text mode (80x25, 16 colours, 8x8 pattern), and three new graphics modes.
The ATM can be emulated in Unreal Speccy v0.27 and higher.[3]
History
ATM was developed in 1991 based on the Pentagon, a ZX Spectrum clone popular in Russia. In 1992 an upgraded model was introduced, named ATM Turbo 2.[1] Up to 1994 the computer was produced by ATM and MicroArt; later the firms separated and production ended.
In 2004 NedoPC from Moscow resumed production.[4] New versions called ATM Turbo 2+ and ZX Evolution were introduced.[5]
Characteristics
Graphics modes
For compatibility purposes, the original 256 x 192 ZX Spectrum mode is available.
New graphics modes offer expanded abilities:
- 640 x 200 mode, with 2 out of 16 colors per 8x1 pixels. The Profi offers a similar mode, but the ATM can use the full 16 colour set for both ink and paper.
- 320 x 200 mode with a 16 colours raster mode (a two-pixel chunky mode, not planar like EGA). Two games for this mode were converted directly from PC: Prince of Persia[6] and Goblins,[7] and one from Sony PlayStation: Time Gal.[8] Other games that use this mode exist, like Ball Quest, released in August, 2006.[9]
Palette:
- 16 colors from a 64 color palette (6-bit RGB) can be set for all modes.
Operating systems
48K Sinclair BASIC, 128K Sinclair BASIC, TR-DOS, CP/M, iS-DOS, TASiS, DNA OS, Mr Gluk Reset Service.
Software
- ATM Turbo[10]
- Virtual TR-DOS[11]
Models
Many models exist. Models before version 6.00 are called ATM 1, later models are called ATM 2(2+) or ATM Turbo 2(2+) or simply Turbo 2+. An IDE interface is available since v6.00.JIO0UBH9BY8B9T7GVC6R (the latest model is 7.18[12][1]).
ATM Turbo 1 (1991)
Features:[13][14]
- Processor: Zilog Z80 at 3.5 and 7 MHz (turbo mode)
- RAM: 128 to 512 KB
- ROM: 64 to 128 KB
- Memory manager: standard for ZX Spectrum 128 (memory over 64KB is addressed through a window in the upper 16KB of address space), with the ability to include a zero page of RAM in the lower 16KB of the address space
- Graphics video modes: Standard ZX Spectrum mode (256x192, 2 colors per block of 8x8 pixels from 16 colors); 320x200 with 16 colors per pixel; 640x200 high resolution mode with 2 out of 16 colors per 8x1 pixels
- Color palette: 64 colors, 16 can be used at the same time
- Firmware: 48K BASIC / 128K BASIC; TR-DOS; CP/M 2.2
- Supported external drives: tape recorder (audio cassette); disk drive
- Sound devices: standard 1-bit beeper; AY-3-8910; Covox
- Additional devices: SECAM encoder for connection to a color TV; single-channel DAC; modem; parallel interface for connecting a printer; stereo audio amplifier (2x1W)
- Keyboard: mechanical matrix, standard ZX Spectrum layout (40 keys) or extended (64 keys)
ATM Turbo 2 (1993)
New features (relative to ATM Turbo 1):[13][14]
- Memory manager: the ability to include any page of RAM or ROM in any of the quarters of the address space
- Text mode: 80x25 text video mode, characters are stored in the character generator ROM. It is possible to set any of 16 colors for the symbol and background
- Hardware vertical scrolling in 320x200 and 640x200 modes
- Supported external drives: controller for IDE devices (hard drives of any capacity, CD-ROM ); Digital PLL added to floppy controller
- Additional devices: eight-channel DAC
- Keyboard: XT keyboard support, on-chip RAM 537RU10
- Removed: SECAM encoder
ATM Turbo 2+
New features (comparing to ATM Turbo 2):[14]
- RAM: 128 to 1024 KB
- Additional devices: RS-232 interface; channel switch for DAC
- Keyboard: support for XT and AT keyboards, based on the 1816BE31 (i8031) microcontroller
- The xBIOS ROM has been specially developed for ATM Turbo 2+ with support for virtual floppies
- ROM version of Mr Gluk Reset Service
- Removed: Modem
ZX Evolution
New features (comparing to ATM Turbo 2+):[14][15]
- Turbo mode up to 14 MHz, switchable via menu and software
- RAM: 4MB
- 2 expansion slots according to the ZXBUS standard, for connecting General Sound, etc.
- Flexible architecture based on FPGA (EP1K50) - third-party firmware available
- SD card with transparent BIOS support (EVO RESET SERVICE)
- Added VGA video output
- Non-volatile clock according to Mr Gluk standard, IDE interface according to Nemo standard, mouse according to Kempston Mouse standard
- Video scan rate similar to that of the Pentagon, with full support of border and multicolor effects
References
- ^ a b c "КОМПЬЮТЕРУ АТМ-ТУРБО 30 ЛЕТ!" [ATM-TURBO COMPUTER IS 30 YEARS OLD!]. invertor.ru (in Russian).
- ^ "КОМПЬЮТЕРУ АТМ-ТУРБО 30 ЛЕТ!" [ATM-TURBO COMPUTER IS 30 YEARS OLD!]. МИКРОАРТ ПРО (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ mkoloberdin (2022-06-11), mkoloberdin/unrealspeccy, retrieved 2022-11-23
- ^ "Официальный сайт группы NedoPC!" [Official website of the NedoPC group!]. nedopc.com (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "ATM-turbo 1,2(+),3/ZX-Evolution: официальный сайт поддержки" [ATM-turbo 1,2(+),3/ZX-Evolution: official support site]. atmturbo.nedopc.com (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "Prince of Persia at Spectrum Computing - Sinclair ZX Spectrum games, software and hardware". Spectrum Computing. Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "Goblins at Spectrum Computing - Sinclair ZX Spectrum games, software and hardware". Spectrum Computing. Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "Time Gal at Spectrum Computing - Sinclair ZX Spectrum games, software and hardware". Spectrum Computing. Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "Ball Quest at Spectrum Computing - Sinclair ZX Spectrum games, software and hardware". Spectrum Computing. Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- ^ "Официальный сайт поддержки ATM-turbo 1,2,2+" [Official support site for ATM-Turbo 1,2,2+]. atmturbo.nedopc.com (in Russian).
- ^ "Virtual TR-DOS". vtrd.in (in Russian).
- ^ "ATM-Turbo 1,2(+),3/ZX-Evolution". atmturbo.nedopc.com (in Russian).
- ^ a b "Prince of Persia 1 ATM Turbo". www.popuw.com.
- ^ a b c d ru:ATM Turbo
- ^ "АТМ, ZxEvo, BaseConf". Telegram. Retrieved 2022-11-23.
- v
- t
- e
Science of Cambridge
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/ZXSpectrum48k.jpg/100px-ZXSpectrum48k.jpg)
related systems
- ZX80 based: MicroAce, TK80, NE-Z80
- ZX81 based: Apply 300, AS-1000, Lambda 8300, CP-200, CZ 2000, CZ 1000, CZ 1500, CZ 1000 Plus, CZ 1500 Plus, CZ Spectrum, NE-Z8000, Ringo R-470, TK82C, TK83, TK85
- ZX Spectrum based: ATM, Pentagon, CZ Spectrum Plus, Didaktik, Dubna 48K, Hobbit,Scorpion ZS-256, Sprinter, Kay 1024, Komputer 2086, TK90X, TK95, Robik, ZX Spectrum Next
- QL based: CST Thor, One Per Desk, Q40/Q60
- Other: SAM Coupé, Jupiter Ace
- TS2040 Printer
- Neptun 156 Monitor
- TS2050 Modem
- FDD Disk Drive
- FDD3000 Disk Drive
- Clive Sinclair
- John Pemberton
- Rick Dickinson
- Richard Altwasser
- Steve Vickers