APOBEC3H

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

APOBEC3H

Identifiers

Aliases

APOBEC3H, A3H, ARP-10, ARP10, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3H

External IDs

OMIM: 610976; HomoloGene: 52306; GeneCards: APOBEC3H; OMA:APOBEC3H - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 22 (human)^[1]

Band	22q13.1	Start	39,097,224 bp^[1]
Band	22q13.1	End	39,104,067 bp^[1]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

granulocyte

gastric mucosa

blood

lymph node

spleen

appendix

right uterine tube

gallbladder

smooth muscle tissue

right adrenal cortex

n/a

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines cytidine deaminase activity zinc ion binding protein binding catalytic activity hydrolase activity metal ion binding RNA binding
Cellular component	cytoplasm P-body nucleus
Biological process	negative regulation of transposition innate immune response defense response to virus DNA cytosine deamination negative regulation of viral process negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate immune system process cytidine deamination cytidine to uridine editing DNA demethylation
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


164668


n/a

Ensembl


ENSG00000100298


n/a

UniProt


Q6NTF7


n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001166002 NM_001166003 NM_001166004 NM_181773


n/a

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001159474 NP_001159475 NP_001159476 NP_861438


n/a

Location (UCSC)

Chr 22: 39.1 – 39.1 Mb

n/a

PubMed search

^[2]

n/a

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H, also known as Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3H or APOBEC-related protein 10, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3H gene.^[3]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of proteins. The encoded protein is a cytidine deaminase that has antiretroviral activity by generating lethal hypermutations in viral genomes. Polymorphisms and alternative splicing in this gene influence its antiretroviral activity and are associated with increased resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in certain populations. There are only one to two members of this family of genes in nonprimate mammals but at least seven members in primates. APOBEC3H is an antiviral effector. In Old world monkeys APOBEC3H has efficient antiviral activity against primate lentiviruses and it is sensitive to inactivation by the simian immunodeficiency virus Vif protein, and is capable of hypermutating retroviral genomes. The typical human APOBEC3H gene is inherently poorly expressed in primate cells and is ineffective at inhibiting retroviral replication.^[4] Importantly, different people have different strengths and potencies of APOBEC3H. People with version of the gene for APOBEC3H which produce stable variations of the protein can successfully limit HIV-1's ability to replicate.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100298 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme".
^ OhAinle M, Kerns JA, Malik HS, Emerman M (April 2006). "Adaptive evolution and antiviral activity of the conserved mammalian cytidine deaminase APOBEC3H". Journal of Virology. 80 (8): 3853–62. doi:10.1128/JVI.80.8.3853-3862.2006. PMC 1440450. PMID 16571802.
^ Refsland EW, Hultquist JF, Luengas EM, Ikeda T, Shaban NM, Law EK, et al. (November 2014). "Natural polymorphisms in human APOBEC3H and HIV-1 Vif combine in primary T lymphocytes to affect viral G-to-A mutation levels and infectivity". PLOS Genetics. 10 (11): e1004761. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004761. PMC 4238949. PMID 25411794.

External links

Human APOBEC3H genome location and APOBEC3H gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Hydrolases: carbon-nitrogen non-peptide (EC 3.5)

3.5.1: Linear amides /
Amidohydrolases

Asparaginase
Glutaminase
Urease
Biotinidase
Aminoacylase
- ACY1
- Aspartoacylase(ACY2)
- ACY3
Ceramidase
Aspartylglucosaminidase
Fatty acid amide hydrolase
Histone deacetylase
- Sirtuin

3.5.2: Cyclic amides/
Amidohydrolases

3.5.3: Linear amidines/
Ureohydrolases

3.5.4: Cyclic amidines/
Aminohydrolases

3.5.5: Nitriles/
Aminohydrolases

Nitrilase

3.5.99: Other

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)